Analysation of the detective genre, Sherlock Holmes Essay Example

Analysation of the detective genre, Sherlock Holmes Essay Example Analysation of the detective genre, Sherlock Holmes Essay Analysation of the detective genre, Sherlock Holmes Essay Examine the detective genre through your study of a range of Sherlock Holmes stories, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. You should pay particular attention to the ways in which tension and suspense are created, demonstrate your knowledge of literary tradition and examine the social, historical and cultural context against which the stories are written. You should have read at least five Sherlock Holmes stories, and should refer in detail to at least three in your answer. During the Nineteenth-Century, the Detective Genre grew to be very popular. The public liked reading the series, as they felt physically involved in the mysteries. In every story, a crime would be committed, it would either be a Why Dunnit (you see who did it and the rest of the story tells you why), or a who dunnit (the criminal is concealed and the detective had to find them. A selection of clues would be shown to the readers, there could be red-herrings; this is a clue that is false as though to confuse you or surprise you. Often the detective will have a side-kick who is less observant than the detective; they act as an audience for the detective. There are lots of twists and turns, often the ending is a shock. The detective is often not involved in the police force, and works outside the law in some way. Regularly the detective can get into danger, but narrowly escapes. The fact that Coran Doyle used real locations made the readers feel associated in the mysteries. Although the storylines could be ghastly, people were interested to find out what happened rather like in a horror movie, people liked to be frightened in a controlled way, as the events are unlikely to happen in real life. The public were drawn in by the suspense and tension of the stories; they were interesting and built up in an exciting way. The Victorians became very interested in science, and the forensic way that Holmes solved the crimes suited their interests. The Sherlock Holmes Stories became serialised in magazines which were becoming more and more popular, due to the rise of commuters on public transport, as they needed something to read on their journeys. Also people were concerned and felt they wanted to learn more about how crimes worked, due to the rise in city crime, and in particular the gruesome Jack the Ripper murders. Arthur Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh on 22 may 1859. His academic ability was realised at a Jesuit School; Stonyhurst College in Lancashire. He then left for Edinburgh, to study medicine. His first stories were published while he was still a student, but on completing his degree he made two journeys, as a ships doctor. He soon set up his own Practice in Southsea. Sherlock Holmes made its first appearance in a short novel which was printed in 1887. Conan Doyle creates suspense and tension in his stories by giving readers clues which leaves them to dwell in their mind on what may have happened. These clues may be genuine or red- herrings. Suspense is created through the character of Sherlock Holmes, as he is characterised very dramatically and carries out a lot of strange actions which turn out to be entirely necessary. The reader is made to be curious of Sherlock Holmes as they see how he notices so many small details of the cases, his intelligence and curiosity take him one step ahead every time. Watson, on the other hand, is Holmes right hand man, his intelligence is maybe not as decisive as Holmess, but any traditional detective story should not be without its less observant side-kick. In the stories Watson acts as an audience for Holmes and a narrator and reporter for the readers.

Dr Carson Essay

Dr Carson Essay Dr Carson Essay Assignment 11.2- Essay on Doctor Ben Carson (Part 1- Philosophies) â€Å" A generous person will prosper; whoever refreshes others will be refreshed,† (Proverbs 11:25). This is an example of one of the quotes Doctor Carson refers to in his speech at the National Prayer Breakfast, and one of the philosophies he believes every American should include in their daily lives. Along with this quote and several others quoted from the Bible, he insists that we should not resist the war on God. Carson continues to point out that everyone should practice â€Å"godly principles,† by doing so it will let us become one nation instead of being each other’s enemies. These thoughts then tie into how we all need to speak up for what we believe in because, â€Å"you decide your own destiny.† Further along he states how we as a whole need to get over our sensitivity but to also, â€Å"be respectful of people you disagree with.† The doctor then uses a word I have never heard before, Unanimity. If we can all agree and all take equal res ponsibility to recognize and correct some of our nations issues then we will be living not only under god, but, with liberty and justice for all. As I switch to his CPAC speech, he quickly jumps into the topic of fairness. Doctor Carson brings up a big issue: taxes. He then gives this example: â€Å"If one man makes ten billion dollars, then he would give one billion for taxes. Then another man who makes ten dollars would then give one dollar to taxes.† He then states that if everyone contributes then everyone is

Case study assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case study assignment - Essay Example The Tokyo management concept could not be successful because the French population was not as open to the American ideas as was the Japanese audiences, very exited to see the American Disneyland experience no matter what it cost. Financial losses compelled management to charge high rates of rooms rent and food served. The management found flaws in the European perspective of market financing while comparing it with the US market financing. Later, management revised the marketing plan for Disney by implementing strategic and tactic changes at the right time. Changes were made to adapt to the French culture by allowing wine andentry of pets in the Disneyland. The French characters like Zorro, Mary Poppins, and Alladin were casted in advertisements along with celebration of Donald Duck’s birthday to position EuroDisney on the top of the European destinations for short time visits. The new French CEO changed marketing tactics by capturing local markets based on different touristsà ¢â‚¬â„¢ habits. Advertisements and packages were structured according to the city marketing trends. Park admission rates were reduced by 20% and room rents by 30% with special promotions for the winter season. The name of the park was changed to Disneyland Paris (Case Study). Taking a lesson from its experiences of Tokyo Disney management, the Hong Kong Disneyland marketing strategy was made keeping mainly the Asian audiences in view. Local cultural traditions were particularly taken care not to antagonize the feelings of public as it happened in the case of Tokyo Disneyland. The American experience matched only in the matter of admission fee, which was marginally more affordable and similar to the Disney’s US parks in California and Florida than to the fees in Tokyo and Paris (Asia Times 2005). According to Roy Tan Hardy, vice president of marketing and sales of Hong Kong Disneyland, regarding park’s attractions â€Å"We carried out extensive, in-depth consumer insight

Smart Cities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Smart Cities - Essay Example The smart city idea is, thus, borne out of this. The smart city, present and future, promises economic growth, as well as, competitiveness presented in highly educated talent, seamless electronic connections and high-tech industries. Other terms used for the same include â€Å"cyber Ville†, â€Å"electronic communities†, and â€Å"intelligent cities† among others (EmbeddedComputingDesign). Singh identified eight macro-economic aspects which define a smart city namely: smart energy, smart building, smart governance, mobility, smart infrastructure, smart technology, healthcare and a smart citizen (Singh). Close to this is another definition of a city as being smart when investments in social and human capital and transport and ICT (modern) communication infrastructure catalyze reliable economic development, high quality of life, alongside a wise management of natural resources with participatory action and engagement (Deakin 65-83). The universality in definitions is achieved in the convention of micro and macroeconomic factors. The shift in paradigm to smart cities stems from socio-economic factors such as, economic restructuring, climate change, pressures on the public finances, ageing populations, as well as, entertainment, and online retail. Thus, creating and sustaining conditions suitable for learning and innovation is an important prerequisite in the existence of smart cities. In the same vein, for European countries to achieve Europe’s 2020 goals of climate change, innovation, employment, employment, energy, and poverty reduction, progress in the smart city would be welcome (Singh). To any interested party, certain questions stand out. For example, how much urban investment will be responsible to achieve in the future? What are the factors to consider? What are their sustainability or future plans? How smart is smart for the

HRM Consultancy Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

HRM Consultancy Report - Essay Example perations of the form are imminent since they will have to be implemented to ensure congruity between the organizations to enable the smooth flow of activities. Ideally, unlike Akbar and Sons, BP is a global company that runs operations in various countries across the world thus it will have to institute workplace diversity by composing organizational teams that have varied characters to enhance a composition of employees from diverse backgrounds to ensure the company has a pool of skills and talent that will improve its overall performance. In light of that fact, the company ought to come up with relevant solutions that will solve the problems identified to ensure Akbar and Sons is efficiently integrated into BP. Some of the proposed solutions include, the human resource department reconstituting the organizational teams responsible for the day to day running of the operations so that they can be constituted with varied individuals from different backgrounds. Additionally, prior to the changes employees were briefed on the expected changes and thus given the option to embrace them or rather leave the company if they find them to be too harsh. That way the probability of resistance to change will be minimal since those who perceive the changes to be inconsistent will have the option of leaving without any form of conflict. Akbar and sons is an oil company based in the United Arab Emirates that has been operating for a significant period. BP oil an international oil company based in the United Kingdom is set to acquire Akbar and Sons and take over its operations. Akbar and Sons is a family owned company that maintains a tradition of social responsibility by always giving back to the society through projects and initiatives aimed at elevating the lives of the immediate communities within its operational environment. All the years the company has been in operation, it has been able to create cohesion among its employees that has culminated in the creation of a

The Death Penalty Deterrence And Morality Philosophy Essay

The Death Penalty Deterrence And Morality Philosophy Essay There have been numerous studies illustrating that the death penalty does in fact deter murder. However, due to recent reanalysis and other new studies which prove that there are many statistical flaws in those studies. This paper will address the misconceptions of deterrence to murder rates by way of right to life and will discuss how morality is just cause to abolish the death penalty. It is statistically proven that states within the United States of America who have abolished the death penalty, have lower murder rates than states that enforce the death penalty. This paper will draw a comparative study between the United States and Canada. Since Canada abolished the death penalty in 1976, it has seen drastic declines in murder. This paper will also outline on how the United Nations have been integrated into the issue of the death penalty. What strategies and steps they have taken to abolish it worldwide. The analysis from this paper will illustrate that the data from the past in r egards to claims of deterrence are a statistical artifact of the anomalous nature. After reading this paper, one should have a great deal of knowledge has to why the death penalty does not deter murder and how morality should be an antiquate reason to abolish the death penalty. Introduction The death penalty is a form of punishment against the most heinous of crimes used in 84 countries. Does the fact that men have judged someone to be guilty of a crime give them the right to take the life of that individual? Are human beings born with a right to life, or do their determine actions whether or not they should live another day? There is the issue of government having the power to say who is allowed to live and who are subject to death according to the laws of the country. These are all questions that are heatedly debated when the subject of the death penalty and human rights comes up. The death penalty is generally only imposed on those individuals that have taken the lives of other human beings in a premeditated manner. There is the argument that the death penalty is acceptable in these circumstances because the victim that the perpetrator killed did not get to choose whether or not they would like to live. The criminal that is being put to death is guilty of taking the right to live away from the people they murdered so the government of their country feels for justice purpose; it is alright for them to take the life of the criminal. Is this not just a vicious cycle of violence being perpetually perpetrated. There is complexity when taking of one life justified as a means of payment for the taking of another life? The death penalty does not bring the victim of the first crime back to life. Would restitution to the families that the criminal inflicted pain and suffering on be a better punishment and a more humane punishment? When a human being is born into the world, they have nothing but the right to draw another breath. They are merely a living thing that breaths air in and exhale the air. If someone inhibits your ability to breathe the air into your lungs then they are taking away the one and only right that you have. Do not confuse the right to breathe with a guarantee of life because life is not guaranteed. Life is subject to end due to your a ctions, the actions of others, or naturally occurring causes. If the country you are born in decides that they have the right to extinguish the life of anyone that commits a certain crime then you no longer have the right to breath, you have the right to live according to the laws of the country and the government has the right to decide who breathes and who stops breathing. The succeeding research will illustrate clarity as to why the death penalty does not deter murder rates. The findings will discuss the reasoning as to why some speculate that the death penalty deters crime and will attempt to show that morality is just cause for the abolishment of the death penalty. The findings will prove that past statistics were flawed in their models. The United States of America and Canada will be the comparative cases in this study. Literature Review The trend towards enforcing the death penalty is at a downward slope. However, 84 countries still enforce the death penalty (Dieter, 1999, p.1). Protocols that have been put into action are that by the Council of Europe. They made effective Protocol 6 which calls for the abolishment of the death penalty (Dieter, 1999, p. 6). The European Union has abolished the death penalty and made it a precondition for the entry into the Union. In turn, this lead to numerous eastern European countries forced to abolish the death penalty if they want membership of the European Union. This includes such countries as Poland, Yugoslavia, and Serbia and Montenegro. Even the nation of Turkey is moving closer to abolishing the death penalty in order to gain entrance into the European Union (Dieter, 1999, p. 5). Because of such rigorous protocols established by the European Union, they have threatened the observer status of countries that enforce the death penalty. They stated that unless there is a full abolishment of the death penalty throughout the whole country, a country with observer status may be rejected that status (Dieter, 1999, p. 5). Even though the death penalty has been practiced for almost every century, as of present time there has been dramatic turnaround. For nations that have abolished that death penalty, it is of varied reason. For example, Spain abolished the death penalty in 1995, stating that, The death penalty has no place in the general penal system of advanced, civilized societies (Hood Hoyle, 2008, p. 63). In similarity to Spain, Switzerland abolished the death penalty because they believed that it is a flagrant violation of the right to life and dignity (Hood Hoyle, 2008, p. 11). For other nations that have abolished the death penalty, it might have been of monetary inclination because of cost efficiency. Contextualizing the Case Per the research that has been illustrated in democratic societies postulates the following question: How has the deathly penalty affected murder rates in the United States of America and Canada? The reasoning behind the following research is too proof that the death penalty does not deter murder rates. There have studies that show that there is in fact correlation between the death penalty and murder rates. However, they have been clearly skewed and flawed in their methods to proof that the death penalty deters murder rates. There is great importance in providing findings that distinctly show a clear illustration on how the enforcement of the death penalty has no influence on murder rates. Within this research, the findings will incorporate solely individuals who have been charged with murder. The variables that are present in this research are the death penalty and murder rates in respect to the human right the right to life. Within this research it has brought forth the following two hypotheses: 1) The death penalty does not deter murder rates 2) Morality is just cause to abolish the death penalty. The following findings will prove both nulls wrong which illustrate the following: 1) the death penalty does deter murder rates; 2) morality is just cause for the abolishment of the death penalty. Findings Death Penalty does not deter crime United States. The big case against how the death penalty does not deter crime has numerous supporting documentation and data. It is stated that the death penalty is a waste of the U.S. taxpayer money and provides no public safety incentives (Bedeau, 2011). Here is an interesting quote by former U.S. Attorney General Janet Reno, I have inquired for most of my adult life about studies that might show that the death penalty is a deterrent. And I have not seen any research that would substantiate that point (Jones, 2010, p. 123). For example, the state of Wisconsin has had the death penalty abolished for 150 years and has half of the murder rates that states like Texas or Florida have in which those states enforce the death penalty (Jones, 2010 p. 25). A great example, are the studies of Oklahoma and California which resulted failing to find that the utilization of the death penalty is a true deterrent of violent crime (Bailey, 1999). Adding to this, a study by William Bailey and Ernie Thompson has shown that there was an essentially significant increase in murders after the death penalty was reinstated (Bailey, 1998). A New York Times survey done by Raymond Bonner and Ford Fessenden validated that homicide rate in states with the death penalty have been 48% to 101% higher than those without the death penalty (Bonner Fessenden, 2000). A food for thought that is substantial is those who commit these violent crimes in actuality do not consider the consequences. In most cases where there is murder committed, emotions are high. However, when emotions run high, that is when rationale starts dissipate. A police chief of the Los Angeles Police Department states that I am not convinced that the death penalty, in of itself, is a deterrent to crime because most people do not think about the death penalty before they commit a violent or capital crime (Jones, 2010, p.125). A police chief in a massive metropolitan city claiming this makes for a compelling argument in regards to how the death penalty does not deter crime. The police chief in fact does deal with heinous crimes on a daily basis, which means there is empirical proof that the death penalty does not influence murder. Law enforcement professionals claim that the death penalty is of the lowest tier in regards to rank of violent crimes. The FBI also mentioned that states with the death penalty enforced, in reality have the highest murder rates (Bedeau, 2011). A statistic illustrates that 2 out of every 3 law enforcement officers do not believe that the death penalty decreases the rate of homicides (The Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). There is empirical evidence and data proving that the death penalty states in the U.S. in fact have higher crimes than states that are non-death penalty. The following table illustrates the differences between U.S. states that are a death penalty state and states that are not: Table 1. U.S. States Murder Rate, 2010 State Death Penalty State Murder Rate California Yes 1,809 Massachusetts No 210 Texas Yes 1,249 Minnesota No 96 Florida Yes 987 Wisconsin No 155 *Reference- www.deathpenaltyinfo.org The Journal of the American Statistical Association issued a journal article by Jeffrey Grogger titled The Deterrent Effect of Capital Punishment: An Analysis of Daily Homicide Counts (1990). Grogger analyzes daily murder rate data to help determine if the death penalty has a deterrent effect on murders (Hunt, 2004, p. 4). The figures that are examined which were acquired from the California Department of Health and Statistics contain no accidental deaths from 1960-1963. After Grogger achieved his regression analysis, he fails to prove that there is a short-term deterrent effect when the death penalty exists. Canada. Since the abolishment of the death penalty in Canada in 1976 there was a drastic decline in crimes by a staggering number of 27% (Amnesty International, 2012). Since the abolishment of the deathly penalty in Canada, there has generally been a trend of declination in murder rates. 2.8 per 100,000 are where the murder rates were at the year of abolishment. In 1995, Canada reached a 30 year low in 1995 of 1.8 per 100,000 (Warren, 2012). Some of Canadas populations have vouched their opinions in favor of reinstating the death penalty, however the Canadian government is firmly holding their stance in regards to abolishment. It is fact that all of the Canadian political parties oppose the reintroduction of the death penalty. In 1987, there was a motion to reinstate the death penalty in Canada in the House of Commons, however the motion was defeated (148-127) (Warren, 2012). Even though there was an attempt to reinstate the death penalty, the government was in realization that it is not in the nature of a government or even down to the micro-level (an individual) to make such dramatic decisions (Chandler, 1976, p. 194). There is still an abundant about of citizens in Canada who want the death penalty to be reinstated, however their argument is flawed. Their flaw is that they seek justice on immoral grounds. It is proven statically that Canadian heinous crimes are of the lowest throughout the world and especially compared to the United States. As of today, the Canadian government is strictly opposed to the return of the death penalty and has rejected all calls for a national referendum. Additionally, there has been a slight rise in Canada in regards to crime rate. However, there is no direct correlation between the death penalty and crime. If there is no direct link how can an entity such as a government determine if an individual is to lose their life. The following table below illustrates the murder rate in three territories of Canada. Table 2. Canada Murder Rates, 2010 Territories Death Penalty Murder Rate Nova Scotia No 21 Quebec No 84 Ontario No 189 *Reference- www.statcan.gc.ca Country comparisons: United States v. Canada The difference between the numbers of crimes committed between the United States and Canada is 21% (nationamaster.com, 2012). The United States in reality has the number one spot in regards to crime rate. Policy analysts Hashem Dezhbakhsh and Joanna Shepherd deliver a testimony claiming that executions in fact do have an influence on crime. He claims that a panel of recent studies shows that the death penalty saves lives. The study shows that there is a strong link between executions and reduced murder rates. As he states, there was a sophisticated panel done by Emory University which involved over 3,000 counties from 1977 to 1996 showing that because of execution there was an average of 18 fewer murders (Dezhbakhsh Shepherd, 2003). This is however flawed, because there are countless variables that could have influenced these executions and every case in regards to crime is varied. A direct opposition to Dezhbakhsh Shepherd is provided by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). To make note, there is domestic opposition to the death penalty within the U.S. They state that there is no laudable evidence linking the death penalty and murder. It is proven that states that have the death penalty do in fact have higher murder rates than states that dont (aclu.org, 2012). The ACLU strongly explains that the panels that have been conducted to linking the death penalty and crime are extremely discredited due to thorough social science research (ACLU). They elucidate like mentioned earlier in the paper in regards to emotion, people commit crimes in the heat of passion. This includes adultery, deception, under the influence of drugs, or they are mentally ill (aclu.org, 2012). They give little or no thought to the possible consequences that face them. Like mentioned before, since the abolishment in Canada decline of murder rates has consistently been on the decline. Even the number of police officers killed in Canada has not been higher than in 1962 (Howard, 2001). Th e table below illustrates the regime, polity score, and the use of the death penalty between the United States of America and Canada. Table 3. State Regime Polity Score Death Penalty United States Democratic 10 Yes (35/50) Canada Democratic 10 No *Reference- www.deathpenaltyinfo.com *Reference- www.systemicpeace.org John J. Donohue and Justin Wolfers provide additional opposition against the death penalty. In 1975, an American economic review paper written by Isaac Ehrlich analyzed the years of 1933-1969 in regards executions in the U.S. and how each execution yielded 8 fewer homicides (Donohue Wolfers, 2006, p. 2). A re-analysis of Ehrlichs work was conducted by Peter Passell and John Taylor showed that Ehrlichs work was skewed. To elaborate, Ehrlichs estimations were highly driven by a strong jump in murders from 1963-69. However, in the mid-1960s there was a decline in murders across all the states, even including the states that have never had the death penalty enforced (Donohue Wolfers, 2006, p. 3). The model that Ehrlich demonstrated showed no correlation between executions and murder, because if those seven years were taken off, the majority of the years from 1930-1969 show low murder rates. This same model can be compared to Canada. There was no correlation between the death penalty an d murder rates, the realization of this issue manifested inside the Canadian government and the result was abolishment. It is said that even the National Academy panel completely criticized Ehrlichs model. Another study that is criticized by Donohue and Wolfers was performed by several professionals by the names of Dezhbakhsh, Rubin, and Shepherd (DRS) (Donohue Wolfers, 2006, p. 3). DRS claim that each execution performed leads to 18 lives saved. This is clearly contested and is proven flawed and is deemed not credible by the Stanford Law Review. An instantaneous issue with this study is that the regression model that was run by DRS essentially went against their own views. In actuality, each execution is associated with 18 more executions (Donohue Wolfers, 2006, p. 3). This study is related to Ehrlichs study, because the DRS misuse an erudite econometric technique which is instrumental variables estimation. The problem with misuses leads to skewed results. The DRS used a quasi-ex periment by categorizing a group of variables that may cause changes in execution rate (Donohue Wolfers, 2006, p. 3). However, their study is flawed because their techniques are not applicable to the death penalty. The instruments utilized by the DRS are not valid to their study, because it is composed of too many experiments which dont reflect changes in crime markets or social trends making it extremely flawed. This can be applied to Canadas case as well, this is because the theory by DRS was debunked by Donohue and Wolfers and proves otherwise. Robert B Ekelund a professor of Economics at Auburn University explains how the death penalty is a deterrent of murders. Professor Ekelund elaborates on his study stating Empirically, we find that execution and the death penalty have no significant effect on multiple murdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦our study also shows thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦single murders are deterred by execution variablesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the form of execution-electrocution being considered marginally more painful than lethal injections-is an added deterrent to single murdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Ekelund, 2006). This study however is flawed, because of statistical problems in data collection. Please refer to the table below for realistic statistics without theoretical connectivity to show that the numbers speak for themselves. Table 4. Comparisons of Murder Rates between U.S. and Canada State Death Row 2009 2010 Executions 2009 2010 Murder Rate 2009 2010 United States 3,173 3,158 52 46 5.0% 4.8% Canada 0 0 0 0 1.81% 1.62% *Percentages are calculated per 100,000 people *Reference- www.statcan.gc.ca www.deathpenaltyinfo.org Morality is just cause to abolish the death penalty. Morality undoubtedly comes into consideration when discussing the death penalty. Is there just cause for taking away someones life? Should a single judge or jury be the ultimate deciding factor in determining if a person keeps their life? The UN General Assembly claims that the utilization of the death penalty is clearly a violation of a basic human right, which is the right to life. It is proven through decades of the uses of the death penalty in the U.S. is extremely v flawed by design (ccrjustice.org, 2012). One should not only consider that the death penalty alone is a human rights violation. What should also be considered is the torture leading up to the execution. This includes decades in solitary confinement with minimal human interaction. An interesting factoid is that the U.S. ratified a treaty in 1994 by the name of Convention Against Torture (CAT). It is defined as the following, any act by which severe pain or su ¬Ã¢â €š ¬ering, whether physical or mental, is in ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡icted on a person for such purposes as [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] punishing him for an act he [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] has committed or is suspected of having committed (ccrjustice.org, 2012). However, clearly the U.S. is in practice of human isolations and tortures until the actual death of that inmate. Facts show that there are approximately 3,250 prisoners in the U.S. on death row, the majority of those prisoners serve in solitary and crippling conditions until their executions (ccrjustice.org, 2012). Twenty-five of the thirty-four states that enforce the death penalty hold their death row inmates in for 23 hours of the day in solitary confinement. There is opposition on both sides of the spectrum in regards to the morality of the death penalty. An esteemed individual who is pro the death penalty is a well known Judge Antonin Scalia. Antonin Scalia explains that as a judge it is his duty to abide by the laws. He states While my views on the morality of the death penalty have nothing to do with how I vote as a judge, they have a lot to do with whether I can or should be a judge at all (Scalia, 2002). Based off this, we can assume that as a Judge, one has to by law convict a person if they fall into the category of being put on death row. From his perspective, it is not his job to determine whether it is immoral. Another esteemed Judge in America is Alex Kozinski. His belief is that the death penalty is of moral essence. His argument is backed up by Immanuel Kant, which explains that society is not willing to demand a life of somebody who has taken somebody elses life is simply immoral (Kozinski, 2002). Kozinski states that if th e system works and when the judicial system does an efficient job on identifying an individual of such heinous crimes, do we has a society have the right to take life? Simply Kozinski says yes (Kozinski, 2002). The last advocate of the death penalty in regards to morality that will be discussed is by constitutional lawyer and general counsel to the Center for Law and Accountability is Bruce Fein. His take on the issue is plainly that the perpetuator is in control of his own actions and destiny. To quote Fein, The death penalty honors human dignity by treating the defendant as a free moral actor able to control his own destiny for good or for ill; it does not treat him as an animal with no moral sense, thus subject even to butchery to satiate human gluttony (Fein, 2008). Moreover, the death penalty celebrates the dignity of the humans whose lives were ended by the defendants predation (Fein, 2008). From this quote, it seems that Fein is relishing in the fact that an eye for eye persp ective, to get even in other words. And it is the responsibility of a human, because of dignity to enforce the death penalty in order to have a prosperous system of society. Canada on the other hand does not see a kill for a kill as of justice means. They do feel that person who committed murder should be taken out of society and confined. However, there is no justice for killing on behalf of killing according to the Canadian government laws in regards to the death penalty. Now, we go into the defense of morality and how it is just cause for the abolishment of the death penalty. The Eighth Amendment of the United States Constitution has much to do with the issue of the death penalty. In the case of Furman v. Georgia, former Justice of the Supreme Court Thurgood Marshall verbalizes some of his perspectives in regards to this issue. He begins with explaining that the death penalty is a violation of the Eight Amendment because it is morally unacceptable to the people of the United State at this time in their history (Fitzpatrick, 1995). Most court systems have stated that the death penalty is just, however if there is a shockwave amongst the conscience of the people and a sense of justice elucidating from the people there can be a transformation. Marshall explains that if all knowledge and facts were presented about the processes before death row in his humble opinion, the majority of society would not stand for the death penalty (Fitzpatrick, 1995). In th is given time, society is interconnected in more ways than one can imagine compared to the past. Through globalization means, the world has become interconnected through means of information and knowledge. Based off of what Marshall said, it can be fairly claimed that in todays societal beliefs, most would not favor the death penalty. An academia professor of sociology named Sandra J. Jones also elaborates on how morality is a just cause of the abolishment of the death penalty. Jones has interviewed countless activists against the death penalty and the majority of them stated are not absolutely immoral to kill on behalf of killing. She explains in juncture with an activists perspective that not only is it dehumanizing, but everything else that wraps around it is immoral. It is an immoral action to have a human being strapped down for the purpose of killing them, because it is for justice (Jones, 2010, p. 197). Jones also explains how the prison warden or the prison guards should not be placed into such conflict of interests. It is simply inhuman actions (Jones, 2010, p. 197). In regards to Canada, even though they refuse to sign the Protocols established by the United Nations, they have abolished the death penalty. The ACLU also makes strong claim on how the death penalty is immoral in principal and prejudicial. The ACLUs outlook on the government just cause is a negative one by nature and is deceiving. They state that no one deserves to die and when the government enacts their so called vengeance in the sake of justice, it is disguise (aclu.org, 2012). According to the ACLU in a civilized society, the people should reject the principle of killing as such the criminals did. In other words, society is only reenacting of what the criminal committed (aclu.org, 2012). Instead of one person losing their life due to the criminals actions, society would lose two individuals. Lastly former Governor of Illinois George Ryan lashes out on the judicial system. He exposes the judicial system by saying that reformation of the death penalty is not of interest to them. Ryan states that there has been a lack of justice for countless death row inmates with possibly meritorious claims-because the Illinois death penalty system is arbitrary and capricious-therefore immoral- I no longer shall tinker with the machinery of death (Ryan, 2003). From this quote alone, it can be assumed that this is the case for the majority of the states who still support the death penalty are of bureaucracy perspectives. When sentencing an individual to death, it is a given that the sentencing maybe a wrong conviction. With Canadas complete abolishment of the death penalty, if the court system wrongfully convicts an individual, there can be justification. However, in the United States if someone is wrongfully is convicted and placed on death row and executed. The court system is flawed in the sense that the enforcement of the death penalty has a strong immorality factor to it. The case of David Milgaard is a great example of case in Canada where the individual was wrongfully convicted. David Milgaard was sentenced to life imprisonment in the murder of Gail Miller in 1969. Milgaard spent 22 years in prison. Then in 1992 the Supreme Court revamped Milgaards case and he ended up being cleared by DNA evidence in 1997 (CBC, 2012). The government ended up awarding Milgaard $10 million for the wrongful conviction. An example from the United States was the case involving Larry Griffin. Quintin Moss was kille d on June 26, 1980 due to a drive by killing in association with drugs. Robert Fitzgerald who was at the scene of the crime, testified that he saw three black men in a car firing shots at Quintin Moss (The Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). Fitzgerald testified that Griffin was the one who fired and killed Moss. Fitzgerald made it clear that Griffin fired the shot with his right hand. However, it was found out that Griffin was in fact left-handed (The Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). This was the first murder trial of Griffins attorney and he failed to address certain crucial factors. Griffin had explained that he was giving a ride to a man and his daughter, Griffins car ended up overheating (The Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). In the process of fixing his car, is when the drive by shooting occurred. Ten years after the conviction of Griffin, it was later revealed that the credibility of Fitzgerald was not substantial. However Griffin was executed through leth al injections means. The case was later reopened, by a professor at the University of Michigan Law, and the investigation concluded that Griffin was indeed innocent (innocent and executed) (The Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). This is the major difference between the United States and Canada, if there was complete abolishment of the death penalty, wrongfully convicted individuals have a chance to seek justice and clear their name. However, if there is someone executed and later proven innocent, that cannot be taken back. The Death Penalty Information Center presents six indicators as to how individuals get wrongfully accused which benefits citizens of Canada as opposed to the US. First one is eye witness error, which is deriving from confusion or faulty memory (The Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). There can be multiple variables as to why an individual might be confused when witnessing such a heinous crime. They do not know the specifics of the story or even recognizing the actual individual who committed the murder. A study in 2001 was done by Northwestern Law School analyzing 86 Death Row Cases in the United States. Forty-five of the cases were of eye witness error (The Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). The second indicator is government misconduct, which are both the conduct from police officials and the prosecution officials (The Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). Seventeen cases involved government misconduct. The third indicator is junk science. Science is ever evolving; th eories and practices are consistently renovating (The Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). Due to mishandled evidence at times or the use of unqualified experts have a strong influence on the conviction. Nine of the 86 cases were of junk science. The forth indictor is snitch testimony, which is habitually given in exchange for a reduction in sentence (The Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). The court systems both in the United States of America and Canada have similar processes. Taking that into consideration, lawyers at times want to just collect their money and move onto the next case. In turn, they jeopardize their clients for monetary gains or simply no interest in the case anymore. Snitch testimony involved 10 out of the 86 cases. False confessions is the fifth indicator, this usually results from mental illness or retardation and torture from police officials (The Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). Due to mishandling cases by prosecution officials, an individual who

Emerging crises of natural hazards management Essay

Procedure of large-scale urbanization is intricate and changing. So too are the study and management of natural hazards and disasters. Although the US experience is highlighted, the changes noted apply to many other countries. US also initiated International Association of Emergency Managers that certified emergency manager. Through this certification, new ways of thinking about hazards and disasters are emerging, whose long-run allegations are hard to foresee (Mitchell, 1993b). The competence of existing means for managing natural hazards and other types of environmental hazards is ever more being called into question in the United States and the global community. This is exemplified by a sampling of the issues that have lately emerged in professional and lay forums. formerly are problems that are posed by new kinds of hazard. These come in numerous varieties. several are amalgams of natural and technological hazards (Showalter and Myers, 1994). while a storm or a tsunami affects a chemicals manufacturing or storage provision it is not just the threat of high water and strong winds that is of concern; it is also the prospect that toxic materials might be disseminated all through surrounding areas. If an earthquake affects a nuclear reactor site, radioactive materials might be released. The flooding of old mines can root surface collapses . Given the escalating variety of technological hazards, the potential for new or atypical combinations of natural and technological hazards are escalation upwards. Three classes of technological hazard pose fairly diverse sets of problems when combined with natural hazards: a. Unsuspected hazards entail substances or activities that were considered as harmless or benign until scientific proof or human experience showed otherwise (e. g. DDT, asbestos). b. indecently managed hazards entail failures of diverse kinds of hazard-control systems (e. g. nuclear facilities such as Wind scale, Three Mile Island, Chernobyl; chemical plants such as Seveso, Basle,Bhopal; transportation systems such as the US space shuttle Challenger and super tankers such as the Exxon Valdez; storage and discarding sites for toxic materials such as Kyshtym, Times Beach, Love Canal, Minamata). C. Instrumental hazards are planned to cause harm and are intentionally employed towards that end; they comprise sabotage, arson, and warfare. Military industrial technologies fit in to this group (e. g. nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons such as defoliants and nerve agents; premeditated oil-spills and oilfield conflagrations). The UN Department of Humanitarian Affairs, formed in 1992, has begun to examine a diverse but related set of problems that they call intricate emergencies. These consign to events such as those happening in the former Yugoslavia, Kurdistan, southern Sudan, Mozambique, and Somalia, where political conflicts, drought, famine, and other troubles are intertwined. Hazards of global environmental change comprise a separate but correlated class of events that are now making their approach onto the public policy agenda (Mitchell and Ericksen, 1992). It is extensively accepted that a build-up of greenhouse gases in the environment might set off climate changes and other consequences such as sea-level rise. Several of the industrial hazards are adequately well known to be classifiable as â€Å"routine† hazards, but others including most of the hazards connected with global ecological change are completely unprecedented in the human experience. They are best considered â€Å"surprises† (Mitchell, 1996). A next way in which natural hazards are varying grows out of the first. It is that there are now strong pressures to inflate the legal definition of natural disasters. In the history, only the victims or potential victims of measures activated by natural phenomena (somewhat erroneously labelled â€Å"acts of God†) were believed eligible for public support to upgrade awareness or provide relief. However, in current years there has been an instantly recognizable trend towards broadening the range of technological and social phenomenon that are entitled for aid. In the United States this began with natural gas shortages in the cold and snowy winter of 1977 and later integrated the community of Times Beach, Missouri – a disreputable case of contamination by the toxic chemical dioxin. More lately, the collapse of an old, disused, and dwindling Underground Railroad system was treated as a â€Å"natural† disaster while water from an adjacent canal inundated the basements of high-rise buildings in downtown Chicago. In the early nineties, civil unrest in Los Angeles also qualified for disaster status, as did the 9/11 in New York city. These events suggest that peculiarities between different kinds of disasters are waning in the public policy arena. Perhaps they imitate the growing impact of socio-technical hazards and the decline of natural phenomena in the extremely human-made environments of a rich country. Maybe they are correlated to further politicization of public decisions concerning disasters, or to the political influence of explicit interest groups that place a high premium on predictability and permanence (e. g. business corporations)? It is also probable that they are products of a broad shift in public attitudes towards risks of all kinds. Further type of change is distension of public dissatisfaction with hazard management agencies. Condemnation of disaster management in developing countries such as Bangladesh or the states of the African Sahel is not new. Mass media reports concerning the poor performance of national government organizations and international agencies are squad. Natural hazards and disasters can be unstable political issues in developed countries and a certain sum of controversy about governmental responses is the norm as anyone who has experiential the aftermath of Italian earthquakes, or Australian wildfires, or American hurricanes can attest to. But lately there has been a sharp acceleration of complaints concerning the effectiveness of hazard-management agencies in main developed countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Italy, Australia, and Russia. The US International Association of Emergency Managers (IAEM) and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has been a particular target. It has been indicted of providing insufficient and inappropriate relief to disaster victims. It has as well been criticized for supporting the occupation of hazardous lands by proffering low-cost insurance to rich investors; and it has drawn fire for offering too much effort to cleaning up after past disasters and too little attempt to reducing the prospects of future disasters. IAEM’s mishandling of relief in the wake of hurricane Andrew triggered a major investigation by the US Congress. Critics called for the nation’s armed forces to replace IAEM, and large numbers of military personnel have, actually, been deployed after recent disasters. The military is usually in charge of disaster management in third world nations because it is often the simply institution competent of providing aid during disasters and one of the few organizations that can be counted on to inflict government policies at other times. Although in the United States and other Western nations proposals for a larger military role in civilian affairs are frequently controversial. Advocates of civil authority and legal due procedure are concerned that increased military concern in disasters may signal an corrosion of citizen rights and responsibilities, while others point to the reduction in international tensions and the require for more cost-effective national institutions as grounds for making ingenious use of military expertise in new roles. Devoid of going into detail, it is useful to note that there is a widespread loss of faith in the capacity of national public agencies to combat natural and technological hazards in numerous other countries. The failures of Soviet agencies in connection with the Armenian earthquake (1988) as well as the Chernobyl nuclear power station fire (1986) have been well documented and they are supposed to have contributed to the crumple of the Soviet government. British civil defence agencies have also been forcefully criticized for insufficient preparedness and lack of attention to hazard improvement (Mitchell, 1989; Parker and Handmer, 1992). Partly as government agencies have come under attack, there has been a dogged effort to shift the burden of disaster management on private individuals and institutions. In countries such as the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom, this began with a conformist revolution in politics led by people such as Margaret Thatcher, Ronald Reagan, and Helmut Kohl. In the perspective of hazard management, policy reforms usually took the form of insurance systems (flood insurance, earthquake insurance, crop insurance, etc. ), limitations on central government expenditure for disaster relief and recovery, an end to public funding for building in hazardous areas, and penalties for people who rebelliously build or rebuild in such places. Now there is an emerging body of evidence that such policies might not work as intended. For instance, insurance is not the panacea it was once announced to be. Many potential victims are uninsured or underinsured and those who have sufficient insurance often experience serious trouble securing reimbursements. Not all threats are covered by insurance, and major problems take place when hazards involve several perils (e. g. hurricanes bring floods, erosion, wind damage, landslides, and other events). Cut-backs in government financial support of social services have become common all through the developed world in current years, and spending on disasters is no exception. Consequently, policies that underline private responsibilities for hazard management may assist to widen the gap between richer and better-educated victims specifically; those who can afford to make supplies for their own security and the poor or disadvantaged groups that lack such a competence. Briefly, a hazard-protection system that relies mostly on market mechanisms might well be detrimental to broader public interests. British experience with the great storm of 15 October 1987 demonstrates several of these problems (Mitchell, James K. , Neal Devine, and Kathleen Jagger. 1989). Before the storm, local governments and private individuals in England had been expectant to be self-reliant and not to expect the national government to give recovery funds in the event of a disaster. But the storm, which recorded the highest wind speeds in 250 years, blew down some fifteen million trees and inflicted economic losses greater than any natural disaster in Britain since the end of the Second World War. In the course it exposed the limitations of local resources for managing with disasters and it obliged a major reversal of national policies that would have left local governments to ensure of natural disasters. If there is concern regarding the general efficiency of disaster management by the private sector, there is deep concern about the future of hazard insurance systems. Lack of insurance coverage and insufficient reimbursements are continuing problems, but the fundamental issue is that very large disasters might bankrupt the entire international insurance system. Insurance and reinsurance companies in Germany, Japan, and the United States are all extremely troubled by this prospect.

Lab 2 Biology

Mitosis Hands-On Labs, Inc. Version 42-0091-00-01 Lab Report Assistant This document is not meant to be a substitute for a formal laboratory report. The Lab Report Assistant is simply a summary of the experiment’s questions, diagrams if needed, and data tables that should be addressed in a formal lab report. The intent is to facilitate students’ writing of lab reports by providing this information in an editable file which can be sent to an instructor. Mitosis Worksheet – Answer the questions about the photos below: Onion root tip photos at 600x and 1000x taken by Stan Carpenter of Hands-On Labs, Inc. 1. What phase is this cell undergoing? Telophase 2. What happens after this phase? Cytokinesis 1. The two center side-by-side cells are undergoing two different phases of mitosis. a. What are these phases? Prophase & Metaphase b. What diagnostic features can help you with your decision? The cell under going prophase is starting to lose it’s envelope yet the cell is still very much intact.General Biology Ii Study Guide (Online Class) The cell under going metaphase has spindle fibers all around the cell suggesting its in the metaphase stage of mitosis. 1. What phase is this cell undergoing? Anaphase 2. How can you tell? The chromosomes are separated yet not completely in two yet. 1. This cell has clearly visible chromatids. a. What's the next phase this cell will undergo? Tellophase b. Where will the chromatids go in the coming phase? Half the chromosomes go into one cell and half in the other 1. The cell in the lower center is exhibiting signs of what phase of mitosis? Prophase 2. What phase does it appear the cell above is undergoing? Anaphase 1. Explain what happens during anaphase. The spindle fibers begin to split the chromatids in two. Equal halves of the chromosomes are the result 2. When the chromatids separate, what is each called? Chromosomes Questions A. What is the purpose of mitosis? Produces the cells in the body as well as DNA. B. Why is the cell cycle important for organisms? The reproduction of cells is essential to the healing of wounds and natural development. C. What role does mitosis play in the growth of an embryo? Mitosis creates the embryo. The constant replication of DNA is needed to develop the embryo and it genes. D. What is one main difference in the mitotic processes between plant and animal cells? The main difference is seen in the cytokenisis stage of development. An animal cell will pinch into to form the daughter cells while a plant cell will form a new cell wall to divide the two. E. If the cell that has undergone mitosis originally had the diploid (2n) number of chromosomes, then what number of chromosomes will the nuclei in the two new cells have? 2n F. Can mitosis ever be used for reproduction? Yes in asexual reproduction G. What parts of plants are most impacted by mitosis? Apical meristem H. Why might mitosis be easier to study in the tip of the root? Because that is the area that is most affected during mitosis I. Where else in a plant might you find a large amount of mitotic cell division occurring? J. How might the mitotic index be applied in agriculture? K. What did you compute to be the mitotic index of the combined six slides (assume there are 54 total cells)? In comparison to the indexes reflected in Figure 8, from approximately which area of a root was the sample taken?

Jada Braithwaite Essays - Gender Studies, Human Sexuality

Jada Braithwaite Essays - Gender Studies, Human Sexuality Jada Braithwaite Professor-Sharon Preiss ENG101 As time progresses, gender roles and gender stereotypes have been biased because of the way individuals view humans. This tends to occur because as human s we objectify people due to our environment , the things our parent teach us and the way we are raised , television and social media. Women are typically discriminated against in the basis of sex. Social media objectify women by showing their sexual side exploiting them, in order to improve their product and sell it to make money. In relationships men are portrayed as the bread winners and the dominant ones , while women are viewed as the house wives and care takers. Women and men in the past were slightly similar but different in some ways. In the 1900s, people were more sexist, women were treated unequally and men being the dominant gender. Back then women rarely could get a job , the only choices of jobs they had were domestic servers, secretaries, nurses, teachers, salesclerk and factory workers. They had to work inside the houses, sewing, spinning, cleaning, and gardening. Women got lower paychecks than men and only gained up to sixty percent of what men did. In many areas women were not allowe d to inherit property or money. " For as long as society existed, men have been the hunter-gathers and women have been the domestic makers" (Sargent 5) Which However women stepped up and began to reclaim their rights as citizens, the right to vote was granted and access to education. Women showed themselves to be competent workers and, civic leaders. Many women did their best in trying to maintain a degree in autonomy, some wo men often ran their own small businesses from home by trading homemade cloth or food for cash or o ther goods. However women have seem to dominate in medical fields more than men, " while women have been broken into fields once dominated by men, such as business, medicine and law, men have been slower to pursue nursing, teach preschool, or take jobs as administrative assistants. Census data and surveys show that men remain rare in stereotypically feminine positions" (Reyes 7) As for men, in the past, they were considered stronger, intelligent, courageous and determined. Men were taught to be more aggressive. In marriages men were expected to rule over their wives and all property. Most men worked in factories and did hard labor. " Men got most of the factory jobs because you know... you know, 19 th century. It was then that the "cult of true womanhood" appeared, and the idea of motherhood as full-time profession became popular and accepted." (Sargent 6) This statement reinforces the ideas about how women are objectified in only being housewife's, meanwhile men are viewed as the hard workers and providers for families. As I notice in most rela tionships women seem to be more delicate and fragile in rela tionships. While men seem to do the labor work such as fixing things in the home while the women do the chores, take care of the kids and have a typical nine to five. While men have nine t o fives , come home and do work around the house such as fixing leaks in the pipes, painting and other things. Compared to my family relationships the females and male work to together as one, the women are capable of doing anything that the men are cable of such as doing house work taking care if and taking care of the children. In my family women and men are not stereotyped we are all expected to work together as one. In conclusion in the past and the future men and women and objectified and stereotyped based on their sex, even in relationships women are portrayed to be housewife's and do those duties, however men are portrayed as the bread winners and hard workers.

Free Essays on Quinn

After completing the assessment and viewing Robert Quinn’s â€Å"Completing Values Framework†, it shocked me to find out where I was placed on the circular scale. Up to this point I have always looked at myself working very well with others, while also enjoying being in charge. I saw myself as a good manager yet only in certain aspects, especially interpersonal relationships. This assessment proved that I was right about that, but it also gave me a different view. I had a peak in the â€Å"Human Relations† section, but I also had a larger peak in the â€Å"Rational Goal† section. This almost shocks me, and it also put a bit of a twist on my own view of a perfect job in the future. My ideal job is one in which I am given a particular part of a job working along with one or more people. I have always enjoyed group work, especially if the task is much more challenging than expected. Like I said before, I have always had a good interpersonal relationship with people, especially once talking to them one on one. Having somewhat poor public speaking ability, being able to make acquaintances one-on-one has helped out in friendships a lot. Having taken this test and finding out that I am more of a planning type, surprised me, yet at the same time it’s correct even though I have never viewed myself that way. Internally I wish to be a goal-setter, yet I haven’t had opportunities to express it yet in the workplace. Once given the chance I am sure I will desire to take the lead and run the show with some organization. I find that once I have set myself a goal, I work much harder than normal, and I find it amazing and very self-relieving once I have met my desire. I would love to also involve friends and co-workers in my goals, and as I said before, I would enjoy a job with as much teamwork as possible. I don’t think one person should take in all of the pain or all the glory for the actions done by a group. Along with worki... Free Essays on Quinn Free Essays on Quinn After completing the assessment and viewing Robert Quinn’s â€Å"Completing Values Framework†, it shocked me to find out where I was placed on the circular scale. Up to this point I have always looked at myself working very well with others, while also enjoying being in charge. I saw myself as a good manager yet only in certain aspects, especially interpersonal relationships. This assessment proved that I was right about that, but it also gave me a different view. I had a peak in the â€Å"Human Relations† section, but I also had a larger peak in the â€Å"Rational Goal† section. This almost shocks me, and it also put a bit of a twist on my own view of a perfect job in the future. My ideal job is one in which I am given a particular part of a job working along with one or more people. I have always enjoyed group work, especially if the task is much more challenging than expected. Like I said before, I have always had a good interpersonal relationship with people, especially once talking to them one on one. Having somewhat poor public speaking ability, being able to make acquaintances one-on-one has helped out in friendships a lot. Having taken this test and finding out that I am more of a planning type, surprised me, yet at the same time it’s correct even though I have never viewed myself that way. Internally I wish to be a goal-setter, yet I haven’t had opportunities to express it yet in the workplace. Once given the chance I am sure I will desire to take the lead and run the show with some organization. I find that once I have set myself a goal, I work much harder than normal, and I find it amazing and very self-relieving once I have met my desire. I would love to also involve friends and co-workers in my goals, and as I said before, I would enjoy a job with as much teamwork as possible. I don’t think one person should take in all of the pain or all the glory for the actions done by a group. Along with worki...

VAGINAL BIRTH AFTER CESAREAN SECTION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

VAGINAL BIRTH AFTER CESAREAN SECTION - Essay Example This topic helps people to practice obstetrics and gynecology under in the delivery with urinal incontinence and interchange of urinary incontinence over the first tear postpartum so as to protect and improve the health of females’ productive organs and avoid complications during pregnancy period. It provides training to all females to guide themselves during giving birth. This topic deals with training that is required, as an obstetrician and gynecologist, to practice medicine extensively. The both trainings combined; prepare the practice of OB/GYN to be adept at the management of surgery entire scope of clinical pathology that involves reproductive organs of female and care for pregnant and non-pregnant patients (Kwee et al, 2004). â€Å"Association of mode of delivery with urinary incontinence and changes in urinary incontinence (UI) over the first tear postpartum† is a topic based under obstetrics and gynecology. Fear of urinal incontinence is a common reason for maternal demand for cesarean delivery. The strength of pelvic floor muscle goes back to ante partum value 6–10 weeks after delivery in many women. However, urinary incontinence symptoms appear after delivery does not resolve in the long term in few women. Various studies have concluded that the prevalence of UI changed or did not change within 6 months or 1 year postpartum. A higher prevalence of urinary incontinence has been seen in women who underwent virginal delivery over those who underwent cesarean delivery (Iams, 2009). In contrast, a study done recently found that vaginal delivery was not completely associated with postpartum urinary incontinence. Bearing a child is a risk factor for urinary incontinence among middle-aged and young women. Suggestions have shown that vaginal delivery is the main contributing factor, because of important muscle damage nerves or tissue. Although pregnancy itself can cause mechanical changes, hormonal changes, or

Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Globalization - Essay Example This essay is a critique of the major driver towards globalization. It offers an explanation of how information and communication technology has contributed greatly to globalization above all the other factors, and how the contemporary society is so much focused towards moving beyond personal and national boundaries to create a link between them and other communities internationally. It mainly focuses on the technological, economic and political drivers towards globalization. The major economic factor that has contributed to globalization is technological advancement. Development in information and communication technology has to a great extent contributed to the integration of communities sharing of information as well as business world wide. For example, the use of internet enables people from all over the world to conduct business and share ideas without meeting. Social interactions through the internet have further contributed to globalization since people can share information cheaply and debate over issues regarding trade (Nye 2002). Dealing through information technology systems is one of the economic segments that have responded positively to advancement in trade. Innovation in communication technology has facilitated economic advancement especially due to the enhancement of the capability of companies to employ labor force from beyond political boundaries. It has led to division of labor globally through the establishment of multinational compan ies (Giddens 2006). They can advertise employment opportunities through the internet, and they can be able to reach people all over the world. Business is also leading people to move global in order to utilize the opportunities in the global market to sell their products. Many of the less developed nations have realized that technological advancement can not be separated from