Sex Education Essays (590 words) - Sex Education, Fertility

Sex Education What is far reaching, reality-based sexuality instruction? Genuine far reaching, reality-based sexuality instruction tries to help youngsters in understanding a positive perspective on sexuality, furnish them with data and aptitudes about dealing with their sexual wellbeing, and assist them with obtaining abilities to settle on choices now and in what's to come. In a perfect world, sexuality instruction is educated in manners that are age-and experience-proper in kindergarten through twelfth grade. It is educated via prepared instructors who educate about: sexual advancement, regenerative wellbeing, relational connections, warmth, closeness, body picture, and sex jobs. The objective is to assist youthful with peopling develop into explicitly sound grown-ups. Being explicitly sound incorporates forestalling the negative results of sex, and furthermore incorporates a wide scope of life-improving aptitudes, for example, self-assuredness, successful correspondence, basic reasoning, dynamic, and the ability to manufacture connections. Exhaustive sexuality instruction doesn't occur in one spot - it includes guardians, teachers, and different grown-ups in the network. Arranged Parenthood urges guardians to be engaged with checking their kids' school programs, and upholding for educational plans they need to have in their kids' schools. We help guardians to talk about sexuality properly furthermore, precisely with their kids in network based projects for families. We can't anticipate that youngsters should turn out to be explicitly mindful if the grown-ups in their lives are clueless about sex or awkward discussing it. What are the estimations of thorough sexuality training? Among the qualities inalienable in actuality based sexuality training are moral obligation, regard for oneself as well as other people, and the estimation of sincerely steady connections. The accompanying rundown of qualities concerning sexuality was created by the National Guidelines Team: Sexuality is a characteristic and sound piece of living. All people are sexual. Each individual has respect and self-esteem. People express their sexuality in shifted ways. In a pluralistic culture like the United States, individuals should regard and acknowledge the decent variety of qualities and convictions about sexuality that exist in a network. Sexual connections ought to never be coercive or exploitative. All kids ought to be cherished and thought about. Every single sexual choice have impacts or results. All people have the privilege and the commitment to settle on dependable sexual decisions. People and society advantage when youngsters can talk about sexuality with their guardians or potentially other confided in grown-ups. Youngsters investigate their sexuality as a characteristic procedure of accomplishing sexual development. Untimely contribution in sexual practices presents dangers. Going without sex is the best strategy for forestalling pregnancy and explicitly transmitted diseases. Youngsters who are engaged with sexual connections need access to data about social insurance administrations. [Guidelines for Comprehensive Sexuality Education, National Guidelines Task Force, SIECUS, 1991.] For what reason should schools be engaged with sexuality instruction? While more families are speaking transparently about sexuality, most guardians despite everything dodge the issue - or unexpectedly hand down unsafe legends and dread. Keeping youngsters oblivious imperils their lives - particularly for the a large number of teenagers who have just started engaging in sexual relations - 61% of male secondary school understudies and 48% of female secondary school understudies. (CDC, U.S. Dept. of Wellbeing and Human Services, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS - US, 1990. MMWR 1992; 40; 885-888.) Schools can give youngsters the realities and the relationship aptitudes they have to turn into dependable grown-ups, and can break the pattern of obliviousness, forswearing, and disgrace that regularly passes starting with one age then onto the next. Most guardians state they need their kids to get sexuality training in school. One survey discovered that 89% of American grown-ups bolster sexuality training in schools, and 73% need schools to make contraceptives accessible to understudies. (Louis Harris and Associates, PUBLIC Perspectives TOWARD TEENAGE PREGNANCY, SEX EDUCATION, AND BIRTH CONTROL. May 1988.) Human Sexuality

The Government’s Taking of Private Property Free Essays

The Constitution of the United States depends fundamentally on the thoughts of the seventeenth Century English thinker John Locke. Locke imagined that everybody had normal rights, which included life, freedom, and property. Locke expressed â€Å"the extraordinary and boss end, along these lines, of men†s joining into provinces, and putting themselves under government, is the conservation of property† (Locke/McClaughry 3). We will compose a custom article test on The Government’s Taking of Private Property or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now He imagined that if any of these rights were abused that the violator should make compensation. The Takings Clause in the Fifth Amendment of the Constitution states â€Å"Nor will private property be taken for open use, without just remuneration. At the point when the administration needs a citizen†s private property to manufacture streets or structures, they repay the individual with cash generally equivalent to the estimation of that person†s land. The issue of the administration taking or confining a citizen†s land emerges with guideline of private property. John McClaughry characterizes administrative taking â€Å"as a legislative reallocation or pulverization of monetary rights by guideline, without the physical occupation which would trigger only remuneration to the owner† (McClaughry 7). The instance of Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council is a case of administrative taking. On account of Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council, Lucas purchased two contiguous parts on the shoreline of the Isle of Palms in South Carolina, just to have the land confined by the state, which forestalled his proposed utilization of the parcels. Lucas contended that the state†s limitation of the land established taking without just pay. The South Carolina Court of Common Pleas concurred with Lucas and granted him $1,232,387. 50. The Supreme Court of South Carolina couldn't help contradicting the lower court, and saying that the limitations were intended to forestall genuine open mischief so no pay was important, regardless of whether it affected the property†s esteem. Lucas spoke to the Supreme Court of the United States. The Supreme Court of the United States chose Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council in June of 1992. This was four years after the Beachfront Management Act, which disallowed development on Lucas† parcels, was ordered in 1988. A correction was made to the Act in 1990 that would permit development in extraordinary circumstances. Lucas might speak to the Council and get a license to expand on his parts at the hour of the Supreme Court hearings. Lucas contended that the hardship of utilization of his territory from 1988-1990 added up to a taking. The Supreme Court chose to give certiorari. As indicated by Locke, the government†s design is to secure and authorize people†s common rights. One of the common rights, as indicated by Locke, is life. The beach front zone of the Isle of Palms that Lucas† parts were on has been tormented with floods. Equity Blackmun expressed that the land was â€Å"under water† from 1957 until 1963. Also, somewhere in the range of 1981 and 1983, â€Å"the Isle of Palms gave twelve crisis orders for sandbagging to ensure property† (Blackmun 2). The province of South Carolina saw Lucas† property as dangerous. â€Å"Long prior it was perceived that all property in this nation is held under the inferred commitment that the owner†s utilization of it will not be harmful to the network, and the Takings Clause didn't change that rule to one that requires pay at whatever point the State affirms its capacity to authorize it† (Keystone Bituminous Coal Ass. 491-492). The state†s anticipation of expanding on the site being referred to would not just predictably spare the sea shore from disintegration,! protection and government help cash, yet potentially lives. The Supreme Court decided for this situation that when the sum total of what worth has been taken from property that the proprietor must get remuneration for it. The inquiry despite everything remains regarding whether the state made the land become valueless by confining the structure upon it. Equity Blackmun contended, â€Å"†¦ yet the preliminary court, evidently accepting that ‘less value† and ‘valueless† could be utilized conversely, found the property ‘valueless†Ã¢â‚¬  (Blackmun 5). He proceeds to recommend that the land despite everything held worth since Lucas could appreciate it in different manners, for example, outdoors, swimming, picnicking, or putting a manufactured home on it. The estimation of the property frequently lies subjective depending on each person's preferences. In Colorado, a bit of enactment is being suggested that may turn into a model for different states where property rights are concerned. The Private Property Protection Act would permit â€Å"a landowner to look for pay when a guideline removes in excess of 50% of the land†s value† (McClaughry 4). This demonstration trusts † to set up a standard for the most genuine administrative takings and to manage the cost of a strategy for alleviation for a landowner whose rights have been taken† as indicated by (McClaughry 8). In 1997, Senator Hatch (R-UT) presented a bit of enactment called the Citizen†s Access to Justice Act. This Act would â€Å"reduce deferral and cost of suit by unmistakably characterizing when a property owner†s guarantee is ripe† for mediation (Annett 2). This bit of enactment would help speed the procedure that is so exorbitant for land owners. The Private Property Rights Implementation Act was passed in October of 1997. This Act assists proprietors with passing their first obstacle by permitting them to have the benefits of their case heard in government court. The Tucker Act Shuffle Relief Act, likewise went in October of 1997, assists residents with passing the second obstacle by â€Å"resolving the jurisdictional inquiry for government courts† (Annett 3). Despite the fact that the Supreme Court†s administering in Lucas looked encouraging for property rights advocates, it turned out not to be such a major success all things considered. Equity Scalia restricted the utilization of the decision to add up to takings, barring incomplete takings. The differentiation among aggregate and incomplete takings â€Å"is self-assertive and conflicting with the reasons for the Takings Clause† (Butler 3). It is conceivable that one landowner could lose more cash on a bit of property that is just mostly taken and not get remuneration for it, when another landowner could be made up for a real estate parcel that isn't entirely worth as much as the different owner†s fractional piece. The Supreme Court†s incomplete versus complete taking has had a major effect upon lower court judges notwithstanding. The lower courts are utilizing the choice as a standard by which to pass judgment on administrative property rights cases no matter how you look at it. Numerous respondents are endeavoring to utilize the decision, to battle denied development on their property, where it isn't appropriate. Respondents â€Å"cannot guarantee their property is valueless just in light of the fact that they may have created it in the future† (Butler 5). The other important piece of the Lucas choice is that â€Å"if the action was recently allowed under significant property and annoyance standards, at that point the disallowance of the movement would be a complete administrative taking that must be compensated† (Butler 6). Equity Blackmun contemplates whether the legislature will be ready to proceed in the event that it must gauge the chance of remuneration when making laws prohibiting genuine perils to society. Be that as it may, on the off chance that all monetarily useful utilizations are not crushed by the guideline, at that point it doesn't make a difference whether the action was recently allowed. Another instance of administrative property taking that is still on the state level is the extension of the Minneapolis-St. Paul Regional Airport. With the development of the air terminal, expanded air traffic would be flying over the close by Minnesota Valley National Wildlife Refuge. In remuneration for the effects on the living space, â€Å"†¦ the Fish and Wildlife Service will be paid over $20 million† (Young 1). Be that as it may, the cash is going to originate from expenses and charges set on individuals utilizing the air terminal. At the point when somebody from the private part makes inconvenience bureaucratic grounds they should repay the legislature for the lost terrains. The finish of Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council stays to be told. The South Carolina Supreme Court requested the territory of South Carolina to buy the two parcels being referred to from David Lucas. The state at that point put the two parts available as private locales. Maybe the â€Å"courts should look past the open intrigue talk and analyze the legitimacy of the supposed open purpose† (Butler 7). This is the opposite side of administrative takings. In the event that the states are required to pay land owners a huge number of dollars for the land being referred to, would they say they will have the option to maintain the Acts and enactment that got them there? Locke†s regular rights appear to struggle over the administrative taking of private property. The normal right to life seems to have point of reference over the characteristic right to property as per the government†s activities in managing administrative takings. The administration says that the taking of the land is to the greatest advantage of society, however privileges of the individu! al are being neglected. At the point when the taking is allowed to the administration, it gives off an impression of being a decent game plan for them. At the point when the legislature must compensation for their property, they gauge the advantages and disadvantages of their choices somewhat more intensely. The Lucas case is brimming with points of reference, great and awful, for the two sides of the issue of administrative takings. The most effective method to refer to The Government’s Taking of Private Property, Essay models

Ethics For Research

Question: For what reason are morals progressively significant for look into? Talk about your answer utilizing models from the writing. Answer: Presentation To a great many people morals is the strict worth like the Ten Commandments, a brilliant principle, a Hippocratic pledge or like a shrewd truism like Confucius platitudes. By and by the morals might be characterized as the standards of direct or the worthy conduct while carrying out a responsibility. In a social setting the standards should be shown in spite of the fact that the equivalent should be learned in the adolescence. Barely any thinks morals is presence of mind yet in the event that it was sound judgment the question in regards to morals would have finished long back. The world is changing quick and the individuals are taking about the morals and moral issue transparently with understudies today more than previously. Similar individuals are communicating on various moral angles with understudies to make them mindful of moral needs of time just as requests of morals in work, may that be instruction or something else. Morals in Work Morals is to see that no code of law is broken while playing out a vocation that is ethically or lawfully off base. Individuals acknowledge a few standards in different manners considering their own encounters and qualities. The general public has its own arrangement of laws to oversee and administer conduct yet morals is by all accounts more extensive and casual than conduct. In any case, morals and laws are not the equivalent and are now and again moral but rather unlawful. Along these lines the morals might be named the order of investigation of guidelines of direct (Ahc.umn.edu, 2013). In this way it is the technique, methodology and point of view for choosing acceptable behavior and why in a circumstance. For a model the times of Global warming might be looked by a financial specialist in a view that economy should be supported to give individuals better living by creating more while the tree hugger will have an alternate perspective and it would have a moral judgment engaged wi th the procedure. The points of view are diverse in the two experts case. The motivations to hold fast to the standards of morals are a significant number of which the first recommends the standards of the examination as information, truth and shirking of blunder (Thehastingscenter.org, 2014). Distortion, creation, deceptions are the instances of research that should be kept away from. Further it advances esteems that are required for advancement of gathering or shared work or group center. In group trust, responsibility, common regard, decency assumes a major job to have moral principles to advance qualities for shared work. Duplicate right and licenses are made to ensure the protected innovation right intrigue while expanding joint effort. The other part is that the exploration must guarantee that the examination must guarantee moral standards so the analysts are responsible to the open promotion that there inquire about not the slightest bit go amiss the laws and principals of la wful system. The examination must not hurt individuals or creatures during the time spent the investigation, government strategies, guarantee utilization of open cash ought to be responsible to open (Rawbone, 2009). Such good and moral rules of research are important for a decent research as well as moral result of the procedures embraced. The moral standards of research can likewise help in building open help for the examination with financing on the off chance that they discover trustworthiness and trust and quality in the exploration movement. Once more, inquire about advances other resolve and social qualities in the qualities in the general public as duty towards one another, human rights, creature care, open government assistance, consistence with law and so on. Thus any slip by in the moral point of view has the ability to hurt human and creature so disappointment may hurt the verdure and imperil the wellbeing and prosperity of the staffs and understudies engaged with the pro cedure (Niehs.nih.gov, 2015). The APAs Science Directorate offers rules to the analysts to follow as follows: Protected innovation The protected innovation is the reason for Academes serious distribute or die outlook with regards to who gets the credit. The departmental seat portion not legitimize the responsibility for credit so minor commitment or composing for distribution should be recognized too with commentaries or in presentation proclamation. A similar guideline is material to all in their own circle of research. Various job The various job of an individual in the examination must be painstakingly chosen where the individual have the comprehension of the equivalent. An understudy is an understudy in the class while might be the research center boss in the lab and have double job and every should be comprehended and given individual consideration. In this manner an understudy can't just be decided on their research facility execution as the job being an understudy is additionally significant where the understudy learns. Learning is a significant part in execution. In the wake of gaining execution can be estimated and in this manner the measures must be put that way and not estimated as an expertslaboratory execution would be made a decision about like. Educated Consent rules Again the examination is to be conveyed in an assent procedure which guarantees that the analyst knows and concurs with the procedure of the exploration with full information on pertinent hazard and advantages. Along these lines the student or the specialist ought to know about the standards and the rights and duties ought to be clear. The over the top or less or unseemly prompting of the procedure ought not be anticipated to draw the scientist in and along these lines the procedure ought to have enough armory to have the option to have all the parts of common assent and information based understanding set up. Regard classification and protection The progression is a fascinating one thinking about the rights and obligation of a person in the examination. Every member has the privilege to decide to choose the level and the restriction of data they decide to give. In this manner the restriction of privacy to unveil is in the hands of the percipients and that should be known by them. The information on the laws both government and state are to be known by the members or should have been told with the goal that they know about the rights and obligations. At the point when the members in an examination have the previously mentioned they would have enough defend set up to shield themselves from information security and would likewise comprehend the restrictions of sharing of data in the information (Niehs.nih.gov, 2015). Moral assets The moral issue in a circumstance can be maintained a strategic distance from by recognizing what is moral and what assets are accessible to them. Assurance of Human Subject of Biomedical and Behavioral research of 1979 set out the rules for such research. Codes and Policies for Research Ethics The different foundations associated with different parts of human life have embraced morals and its standards in their work and working understanding the significance and need. The administration, wellbeing, instruction, avionics, industry and so forth are to give some examples (Rath, et al, 2014). Food and medication organization, Environment Protection office, National Science Foundation are to give some examples and every one of them have subsidized scientists and morals rules. The requirement for such authority is to address different standards in regards to trustworthiness, objectivity, uprightness carful execution, receptiveness, regard for licensed innovation, classification, social duty and regard for others alongside creature security legitimate rule following and human subject assurance. The moral spine of any exploration needs to keep all parts of the previously mentioned clear in head and in idea as the examination is intended to do great to individuals and condition tha t they live in with an attention on assurance of basic entitlements and incentive to regular assets as the harm or mischief isn't the ideal result of the examination and wont be acknowledged by the general public. In this way the moral situation for the exploration ought not make the aforementioned parts of the nature just as research peripherals jeopardized to make the examination fruitful and skillful to be regarded (Niehs.nih.gov, 2015). Moral in examine The dynamic during an examination work needs to cover the strategies and principals like some other core values. The understanding is imperative to get to, apply and direct the exploration in a reasonable manner and act in circumstance is guided by the morals and moral dynamic comes into front line here (Rath et al.2015) Falsifications, creation copyright infringements are the activities normal in look into offense and are viewed as inexcusable in inquire about morals. All things considered, the expectation of the scientist must be the plan to misdirect which clearly can be demonstrated with the created papers with current innovation however poor record keeping or blunder in information passage is an alternate ball game all together which is established under carelessness and not under offense. The way toward leading an examination, methods, understandings can be put under research unfortunate behavior however not under trickiness or an instance of dishonest conduct (Depts.washington .edu, 2015). Anyway the conduct, for example, distributing under various name, distributing twice in various diary, no data about the accomplice in the examination procedure, conversation about the exploration with others where mystery data are included, extending the realities are not many to name. The activities are exploitative and a few cases illicit so most extreme consideration should be received so such divulgence and nondisclosure is finished in light of most extreme moral domain and codes. The expert morals code are intended to see that the experts don't break any of the codes under the institutional arrangement or to individuals and partners as a rule (Rawbone, 2009). It hard to state different deviations under the rules of morals yet the deviation from it is a lot of clear and justifiable. The other significant part of research morals is that various individuals can't help contradicting the supported or legitimate move or way to make and there is no wide accord about what should be finished. There might be moral quandary in such a situation where the analyst can't give an appropriate choice in

Peoples and Civilizations of the Americas

Name: John Kindley| Class: GH AP Y (Even)| Date: November third, 2012| Chapter 12, Peoples and Civilizations of the Americas, 200 †1500| Pages 306 †331| | Classic-Era Culture and Society in Mesoamerica, 200 †900:| | * Remarkable human advancement created| | * Different language + governmental issues, however brought together by material culture, strict convictions + practices, and social structure| Classic Period| * Classic period (based upon Olmec and other civilizations)| | * Social classes with unmistakable roles| * Hereditary legislative issues + strict elites controlled towns + villages| | Teotihuacan:| | * Powerful city-state in focal Mexico (100 B. C. E. †750 C. E. )| Religion| * Religion = venerated numerous divine beings + lesser spirits, Sun + Moon| | * Human penance = saw as sacrosanct obligation to the divine beings and essential| | to the prosperity of society| Farming| * Chinampas = raised fields along lakeshores to increment agriculture| Politics| * No proof for single ruler; unions between tip top families| | The Maya:|Location| * Maya = progress amassed in the Yucatan Peninsula, | Guatemala, and Honduras, yet never unified| | * Contributed fundamentally in math, space science, and the calendar| | * High pyramids + royal residences = intended to wonder the majority that came| Decoration| * Maya = adored decoration| | * Infused fighting with strict meaning| | * Society = patrilineal| Contributions| * Devised expand schedule framework, idea of 0, and writing| End of Classic Era| * Maya urban communities declined because of battle for assets, which lead to| | class strife and warfare| | * Connection with the Mesoamerican social orders because of finding out about the Aztecs in grade 8| * Have visited Mayan urban communities in Mexico, and have seen sanctuaries in genuine life| * Question: didn’t the Arabs build up the idea of 0? | The Postclassic Period in Mesoamerica, 900 †1500:| | * No single clarification for fall of Teotihuacan and Mayan centers| | The Toltecs:| | * Powerful postclassic domain in focal Mexico (900 †1175 C. E. )| Origins| * Origins = obscure (either satellite or transient populations)| | * Used military success to make amazing empire|Reason for decline| * Fell by inner force battles and military danger from the north| | The Aztecs:| | * Altepetl = ethnic state in old Mesoamerica that was the | regular political structure square of that region| Society + Politics| * Calpolli = gathering of up to hundred families that filled in as a building| | square of an altepetl (controlled land allotment + charges + neighborhood strict life)| | * Tenochtitlan = capital of Aztec Empire; in an island in lake Texcoco| | Mexico City made on remnants of Tenochtitlan| * Aztecs = AKA Mexica, made realm (1325 †1521 C. E. )| * Aztecs constrained vanquished people groups to give merchandise + work as tax| Aztec Women| * Women = held bunches of influence; held in high regard; held position s| | like instructors and priestesses; seen as originators of ancestries, including| | the regal line| | * Merchants become rich, yet can't turn out to be high nobility| Economic systems| * Tribute framework = framework in which crushed people groups were constrained to| | pay charge in types of products and work; help advancement of huge ities | * Did not utilize cash; utilized trade instead| | * Aztec religion = requested expanding quantities of human sacrifice| * Connection to Aztecs as I found out about them in grade 8| * Noted the familiarities between the Mesoamerican social orders, which likewise had distinct| contrasts as well| | Northern Peoples:| | * Classic period finishes around 900 C. E. | * Transfer of water system and corn horticulture - > invigorated improvement in Hohokam and Anasazi society| | Southwestern Desert Cultures:| | * Anasazi = significant culture in southwest US (700 †1300 C.E. )| * Anasazi manufactured multistory living arrangements, and lov ed in | underground structures (called kivas)| Anasazi women| * Women = shared agrarian errands, experts in numerous specialties, | liable for food planning and childcare| Anasazi region| * Anasazi = amass in Four Corners region| | Mound Builders: The Hopewell and Mississippian Cultures:| Political structure| * Chiefdom = type of political association; controlled by inherited leader| (Chiefdom)| who had power over assortment of towns + towns; in view of blessing giving | and business links| * Political association + exchange + hill building proceeded by the| | Mississippian culture (biggest city = Cahokia)| Ansazi +| * Environmental changes caused pulverization of Anasazi +| Mississippian| Mississippian cultures| Decline| | Andean Civilizations, 200 †1500| | * Environment = sucks for making civilization| | * Amerindian people groups of Andean = delivered a portion of the most| | socially complex + politically propelled social orders in Western Hemisphere | Cultural Response to Environmental Challenge|How they adapted| * Domestication of llamas and alpacas| | * Farmed at various heights to decrease dangers from frosts| Social + political | * Ayllu = Andean genealogy gathering or family based community| groups| * Ayllu = establishment for Andean accomplishment; individuals = obligated| | to help individual individuals (thought as siblings and sisters)| | * Mit’a = Andean work framework dependent on shared commitments to help| | family and work for the benefit of the ruler and strict associations | Gender distinction| * Men = chasing, military assistance, government| | * Women = material creation, horticulture, home| Harsh atmospheres of Andean human advancements = like unforgiving condition of North American| pioneers | * Anasazi + Mississippian culture = one of not many civic establishments that didn't fall due to outside| pressures| | Moche:| | * Moche = progress of north shore of Peru (200 †700 C. E. )| * Built broad water system systems + gr eat urban centers| | commanded by block temples| Political + social| * Did not set up formal domain nor bound together political structure| * Moche society = religious + defined; clerics + military pioneers | had concentrated riches + power|Decline of Moche| * Moche focuses declined because of long haul atmosphere changes| | * Wari = new military influence, socially connected to Tiwanaku| | * Wari added to the vanishing of the Moche| | Tiwanaku and Wari:| | * Tiwanaku = name of capital city and realm fixated on the region| | close to Lake Titicaca in current Bolivia (375 †1000 C. E. )| * Llamas = vital for upkeep of significant distance exchange relations| | * High nature of stone masonry| * Stratified society controlled by a genetic elite| | * Used military to broaden their control over enormous religions | The Inca:| | * Largest and most impressive Andean realm (Cuzco = capital)| | * Initially a chiefdom - > went in to military development in 1430s| | * Inca flourishin g relied upon huge crowds of llamas + alpacas| | * Hereditary head of ayllus included women| | * Had prisoner taking framework for politics| * Each new ruler started his rule with success (legitimize authority)| | * Khipus = arrangement of tied shaded ropes utilized by preliterate| | Andean people groups to transmit information| | * Did not create new advancements; expanded financial output| | * Civil war debilitated the Inca just before European arrival| | * Noticed that essential divine beings for some, social orders were Sun divine beings and agrarian gods| * Pressures from inside took out the Inca society; like other societies| * Khipus = like the one that Aztecs used| |

Capstone Essay Topics - How to Find the Best Capstone Essay Topics

Capstone Essay Topics - How to Find the Best Capstone Essay TopicsCapstone essays are important for college students. They are composed by students when they are planning on having to write their senior essays, senior theses or capstone theses. The main purpose of these theses is to show the effects of the senior thesis that they have produced. There are some aspects that need to be considered in writing a capstone essay.First of all, one should look for an appropriate topics to write about. The topic should be related to the thesis that the student has made.The process of writing a capstone essay is not that hard. It is important that students know how to handle this subject well. They need to prepare their capstone essay topics for some time before they start writing the essay.This is one important part of writing a capstone essay. Many students get frustrated because they cannot find out the topics for their Capstone essays. They end up spending time and effort just to get the top ics ready.Another aspect to consider when planning the topics for your Capstone Essays is the idea of using the thesis that you have made. It is important that you consider what you will use it for. As a result, it will make it easier for you to compose a suitable topic.Many students do not know the specific subject that they should write about. In this case, they have to ask for help from the faculty members or mentors in the university. They need to be aware of the topic before they proceed with the topic selection.Since Capstone Essays is major parts of your thesis, it is important that you prepare the topics well. This is because the topics will play a significant role in the completion of the thesis. The topics that you select for your Capstone essays must be interesting, yet simple to understand. As a result, it will be easier for you to write a capstone essay.Therefore, it is recommended for students to learn from the various papers that they have written. They can gain much from reading them. It is also recommended for students to read some books that contain the topics that they should write about. Most students do not spend enough time in researching the topic that they are going to write.

SAT Math Equation of a Circle

Circles: the odd ducks of the shape world. They have no vertices and they are best friends with a weird number called pi. You’re probably familiar with the two most commonly used formulas relating to circles the area and circumference formulas. Just in case, here’s a reminder: Circumference: C=2Ï€r or dÏ€, where r is the length of the radius and d is the length of the diameter. Area: A = Ï€r ² If any of the above terms don’t ring a bell, review the parts of a circle before reading on, because you’ll need to know some circle terms. All good? Great; let’s forge ahead! Once you get into coordinate geometry, another equation joins the party; it is known as the Equation of a Circle. I know, shocking. This equation gives you information about a circle which allows you to map it onto a coordinate plane. It can also help you solve problems that ask about the position of a circle on a graph or in relation to other things, like lines and parabolas. The equation: (x – h) ² + (y – k) ² = r ² The parts: Alright, so let’s break down what this all means. The x and y will always be there. They are the variables in this equation. The point (h,k) is the center of the circle. The r stands for the length of the radius of the circle. And that’s it, folks. How to use it There are two major uses for this equation: graphing a circle and determining if a given point is on a circle. Let’s take a look at an example of the former. Example: (x – 4) ²Ã‚  + (y – 3) ²Ã‚  = 16 So what can we tell from this? First, the center of the circle is located at (4,3) on the graph. Second, the length of the radius is 4 because the square root of 16 is 4. We could now graph five points on the graph, one at the center, and four at the north, south, east, and west points of the circle by counting five points in each direction. Weve done that on the graph below, and you can see that both the center of the circle and the radius match up with the numbers we found from the equation. The rest of the circle is sketched in. You can also use this equation to test if a given point is on a circle.   Example:  Take the point  (8, 3), which is graphed above. If we  plug it into the equation for the x and y, we get  the following: (8  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 4) ²Ã‚  + (3 – 3) ²Ã‚  = 16 4 ²Ã‚  + 0 ²Ã‚  = 16   16 = 16 Hooray! The point is indeed on the circle. Last notes Of course, there are tricky moments to watch out for. Take the following equation: (x +2) ²Ã‚  + (y + 5) ²Ã‚  = 6 Notice that the numbers representing the h and k are being added to the x and y, which actually means they are both negative and the center of the circle is (-2, -5). Also, remember that the radius of the circle is  Ã¢Ë†Å¡6, not 6. As long as you pay attention and keep the template equation in mind, youll find the equation of a circle a hugely useful tool for dealing with circles on coordinate planes.

The Short Run and the Long Run in Economics

In economics, its extremely important to understand the distinction between the short run and the long run. As it turns out, the definition of these terms depends on whether they are being used in a microeconomic or macroeconomic context. There are even different ways of thinking about the microeconomic distinction between the short run and the long run. Production Decisions The long run is defined as the time horizon needed for a producer to have flexibility over all relevant production decisions. Most businesses make decisions not only about how many workers to employ at any given point in time (i.e. the amount of labor)  but also about what scale of an operation (i.e. size of factory, office, etc.) to put together and what production processes to use. Therefore, the long run is defined as the time horizon necessary not only to change the number of workers but also to scale the size of the factory up or down and alter production processes as desired. In contrast, economists often  define the short run as the time horizon over which the scale of an operation is fixed and the only available business decision is the number of workers to employ. (Technically, the short run could also represent a situation where the amount of labor is fixed and the amount of capital is variable, but this is fairly uncommon.)  The logic is that even taking various labor laws as a given, its usually easier to hire and fire workers than it is to significantly change a major production process or move to a new factory or office. (One reason for this likely has to do with long-term leases and such.) As such, the short run and the long run with respect to production decisions can be summarized as follows:   Short run: Quantity of labor is variable but the quantity of capital and production processes are fixed (i.e. taken as a given).Long run: Quantity of labor, the quantity of capital, and production processes are all variable (i.e. changeable). Measuring Costs The long run is sometimes defined as the time horizon over which there are no sunk fixed costs. In general, fixed costs are those that dont change as production quantity changes. In addition, sunk costs are those that cant be recovered after they are paid. A lease on a corporate headquarters, for example, would be a sunk cost if the business has to sign a lease for the office space. Furthermore, it would be a fixed cost because, after the scale of the operation is decided on, its not as though the company will need some incremental additional unit of headquarters for each additional unit of output it produces. Obviously the company would need a larger headquarters if it decided to make a significant expansion, but this scenario refers to the long-run decision of choosing a scale of production. There are no truly fixed costs in the long run since the firm is free to choose the scale of operation that determines the level at which the costs are fixed. In addition, there are no sunk costs in the long run, since the company has the option of not doing business at all and incurring a cost of zero. In summary, the short run and the long run in terms of cost can be summarized as follows:   Short run: Fixed costs are already paid and are unrecoverable (i.e. sunk).Long run: Fixed costs have yet to be decided on and paid, and thus are not truly fixed. The two definitions of the short run and the long run are really just two ways of saying the same thing since a firm doesnt incur any fixed costs until it chooses a quantity of capital (i.e. scale of production) and a production process. Market Entry and Exit Economists differentiate between the short run and the long run with regard to market dynamics as follows: Short run: The number of firms in an industry is fixed (even though firms can shut down and produce a quantity of zero).Long run: The number of firms in an industry is variable since firms can enter and exit the marketplace. Microeconomic Implications The distinction between the short run and the long run has a number of implications for differences in market behavior, which can be summarized as follows: The Short Run: Firms will produce if the market price at least covers variable costs, since fixed costs have already been paid and, as such, dont enter the decision-making process.Firms profits can be positive, negative, or zero. The Long Run: Firms will enter a market if the market price is high enough to result in positive profit.Firms will exit a market if the market price is low enough to result in negative profit.If all firms have the same costs, firm profits will be zero in the long run in a competitive market. (Those firms that have lower costs can maintain positive profit even in the long run.) Macroeconomic Implications In macroeconomics, the short run is generally defined as the time horizon over which the wages and prices of other inputs to production are sticky, or inflexible, and the long run is defined as the period of time over which these input prices have time to adjust. The reasoning is that output prices (i.e. prices of products sold to consumers) are more flexible than input prices (i.e. prices of materials used to make more products) because the latter is more constrained by long-term contracts and social factors and such. In particular, wages are thought to be especially sticky in a downward direction since workers tend to get upset when an employer tries to reduce compensation, even when the economy overall is experiencing a downturn. The distinction between the short run and the long run in macroeconomics is important because many macroeconomic models conclude that the tools of monetary and fiscal policy have real effects on the economy (i.e. affect production and employment) only in the short run and, in the long run, only affect nominal variables such as prices and nominal interest rates and have no effect on real economic quantities.

The Importance Of Office Skills And Critical Thinking...

Every child walks the stages during graduation with their school color cap and gown and is happy because they are going to a college where they can future their education. Most children chose this route while other was force through this rout unwilling by their parents making these children a victim of society views that is pushed onto them. If only some of these parents knew college degree is not need to be successful. In â€Å"It Takes More Than a Major: Employer Priorities for College Learning and Student Success†, written by Hart Association. The article goes over the importance of office skills and critical thinking skills on the job. The article survey 365 employers and 65 business and they all have reach the same conclusion of college graduates needing skills that can contribute to the work force. The association states that there is more to the hiring process of a graduate than just having their college degree. The association values communication skills and work ethic in a employee during the hiring process. The article is detailed analysis of employers’ priorities for the kinds of learning today’s college students need to succeed in today’s economy and whether not a college degree can insure a job. The article interview provides examples from statistics and previous employers. I will be evaluating the sources, thesis, and statistics that was used to back up the statements in this article. I will be testing if the sources and statistics is accurate and releveant, andShow MoreRelatedThe Need Of Quality Medical Care932 Words   |  4 Pagesof this great country. Saint Francis University, is addressing this need by providing education to qualified students to enable them to become future leaders. Saint Francis’s addresses this national shortage by advancing students problem solving skills and clinical knowledge, all the while maintaining a focus on serving the community. 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A: â€Å"I am a Registered Nurse and I worked a Wilkes Regional Medical Center, but now I work as the Nursing and Fundamentals teacher, which allows high school students to gain their CNA before graduating. Q: What do you enjoy about your job? A:† I enjoy the part of the job that deals with helping patients, families, and my peers get through very stressful days. It sRead MoreManaging A Successful Fashion Brand Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pagesfashion industry is responsible for ensuring the success of a designer’s product line with its consumers. They are known as the point-person for developing, implementing, and executing marketing initiatives and activities for their brand. (Brand Manager Job Description | Paladin Staffing). Learning about how a brand is created and what is necessary for a brand to succeed is important in the world of marketing. 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Comparative Criminal Justice Systems United States And...

Comparative Criminal Justice Systems: United States and Japan Gabriel A. Alvear Florida International University Comparative Criminal Justice Systems: United States and Japan Most Americans know the key aspects of our criminal justice system, but fail to learn about criminal justice systems of other nations. However, it is important to learn about other country s criminal justice systems in order to effectively compare it to ours. It helps us realize the faults in our justice system, and fix them. In this paper, I will be comparing the various aspects of the individualistic United States justice system to collectivist Japan s. The first thing we will discuss is the vast cultural differences between the two aforementioned†¦show more content†¦48). The United States has gained a reputation for mass imprisonment of mostly drug offenders. We have over two million individuals who are currently incarcerated in our prison system. Our incarceration rate per 100,000 population is 910 (Glaze Kaeble, 2014). Japan s incarceration rate pales in comparison at only 45 (Wagner, 2003). According to Re ichel (2013), United States homicide rate per 100,000 population is 5.2, compared to Japan s rate of 0.5 (p. 30). This is a very significant difference in a comparison of two advanced nations, as Japan s homicide rate is less than one-tenth of the United States . As for victimization rates, the United States once again leads at a 21.1% prevalence rate with Japan at a rate of 15.2% regarding 11 different crimes. (van Kesteren, Mayhew, Nieuwbeerta, 2000). These crimes include car theft, theft from car, car vandalism, motor-cycle theft, bicycle theft, burglary, attempted burglary, robbery, personal theft, sexual incidents, and assaults/threats. Japan operates under the Eastern Asia legal tradition, whereas the United States operates under the common legal tradition. The differences are quite distinct. For example, according to Hahn (1983): Under the civil law traditions of Japan, a judge simply calls attention to the specific statute invoked as authority. In contrast,

Climate Change Should We Be Worried Essay - 777 Words

Climate Change: Should We Be Worried? Global warming is one of the most stressed issues on mainstream media today, behind the war on terror. Although, should we be worried about it? In this annotated bibliography, the sources consider plenty of information about climate, such as, how it affects the earth, possible solutions to the energy problem, and proof that global warming is happening and that it is caused by an excess of CO2 in the atmosphere. For solutions to the problem the sources contemplate nuclear energy, solar energy, and the idea of encouraging innovation and technological advancements. There is an article that makes the situation more personal by narrowing the group down to a specific region and describing the consequences they are facing and the steps they are taking to help solve the problem. 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Taking a Look Granulomatous Mastitis - 2894 Words

OBJECTIVE.: Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease that has clinical and radiologic findings similar to those of breast cancer. In the diagnosis and treatment of (GM) there are multiple controversy. The aim of this study was to review the clinical presentation ,Diagnosis ,Treatment and outcome of patients with (GM)Granulomatous mastitis . Materials and Methods: A retrospective study included 206 women from January 2006 and April 2013who met the required histological criteria of (GM). Clinical data of the presentation, diagnosis , ,histopathology, management and outcome were analyzed by review of medical records. Results: Mean age of women ws32years; (range, 22-40 years). The most common presenting symptoms were a breast mass in 183(89%) patients,axillary adenopathy was noted in28(13.5%) ,others were Pain, erythema and abscess in 24 ( 12%) of women. Right side in128( 62%) , left side 78(38%)and bilaterally in 4% )pATIENTS. PREGNANCS in two (0 97%)women. . Thirty eight (18%) of patients undergone incision and drainage with diagnosis of breast infection or abceses and taking antibiotics before diagnosis of (GM). Ultrasound examination before and after drainage in this patients showed, A large irregular hypoechoic mass in 118 (57%), A lobulated or irregular mass was seen in women68 (33%). adenopathy in 28(13.5%) woman and Skin thinking in 20(10%).Mammographic findings shows irregular mass in120 (58%) patients , asymmetric density in 62 (30%)

Quite literally dying to be thin Essay Example For Students

Quite literally dying to be thin Essay Im not here to bore you or lecture you on something that will never concern any of you. Im standing here in front of you all to tell you of something that affects everyone everyday. I know not only from research but, from person experience. A heart braking memory Im willing to share in the hope I may possibly help reach out to someone. If I make this speech five hundred times and save one life I will have accomplished far more than a lot of people out there. I wake up in the middle on the night sometimes, sweating, crying. I have so much guilt built up inside me. All because people judge you before they know a thing about you. People see someone who is over weight and instantly assume that person sits on a sofa eating big Macs all day. Ok for some people the thought of a gym or a salad frightens them to death but for a lot more of these people this isnt true. There are a number of reasons that person maybe retaining weight. So anyway I bet you wondering how this constantly makes me cry wellà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Steph was my best friend. Wed grown up together, went through primary, secondary and even college together. She had a smile as wide as the ocean and a wardrobe any 16-year-old girl would be proud of. So she wasnt the perfect size 8 but no one was bothered. She was such a laugh; I can remember memories of us like yesterday, laughing so hard my sides hurt and rolling round the floor crying. It was a Friday night and we were off to a local disco. Steph asked me if she looked ok, and she did. She looked better that ok she was glowing. She said shed been skipping a few meals and was really happy because she could finally fit into the red skirt I brought her for her birthday over a year before. Through pure ignorance I praised her claiming she looked radiant. That night was ruined! Some childish, stupid, heartless little boy called James Wright ruined the whole night in one fowl sentence. Oi fatty breath in I aint got all night to get round ya Harsh as it was I doubt Steph would have been so devastated if it hadnt came from James. James was the captain of the football team at our college. Steph was in love with him. So much in love in fact she brought his tutor photo off a kid in his class for  £50. Steph was like that. From that night things seemed to change. Steph had an eating disorder. She lost pound after pound and became little more than skin and bone. It wasnt just physical differences I noticed, she wasnt the girl I once knew. The girl who had a warm smile and a hug for everyone became the girl whose skin  flaked and whose hair fell out. The girl who would race against the boys and usually win became the girl who cheered them on instead. The girl who never lied became lost in a sea of dishonesty, in a feeble attempt to cover the truth. The girl, who told everyone to be true to themselves, was telling herself the biggest lie of all. It went unnoticed for far too long. A friend or family member suffering from an Eating Disorder can be very frightening. You want to help that person but you arent sure what you can do, you dont even know what to say. Our once fun and giggles turned to awkward looks and silence. I wish id have paid more attention to what was coming out of her mouth rather than whats going in. .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c , .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c .postImageUrl , .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c , .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c:hover , .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c:visited , .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c:active { border:0!important; } .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c:active , .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2dce19e6cfd79bb9680cdace98a7540c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy EssaySo why does society dictate that we should be stick thin with blonde hair and long legs? Surely its whats inside that counts? Maybe one day someone will create a dress that looks good on all of us. Maybe one day if I have grandchildren they will not know what an Eating Disorder is. If I had one wish it would be that we could all look past the appearancesometimes a pretty package holds an empty giftsometimes a package wrapped in plain paper, with no bows or ribbons, holds a diamond. Unfortunately, the media and the public continue to idolize ultra thin actresses and models. Its the first thing you see when you turn on the television or open a paper. So do these people, youths aspire to be like really deserve the admiration we give them? I pray that the next generation of women raised on girl power realise that the real power comes from within us, and that every person should be ruled by her own expectations and not one society dictates. I have read lots of statistics of eating disorders yet there is more behind those statistics that you read. Behind those statistics are people. Those numbers represent lives, lives that have been lost due to eating disorders. They are mothers. They are sisters. They are aunts. They are daughters. They are wives. One of those numbers was a very close friend of mine. This wasnt a one off problem. Thousands of people die every year due to eating disorders, that isnt fictional its fact. This cannot be argued with, however the fact that we can help can be. Im quite sure a lot of you sitting in front of me are self-conscious. You choose particular outfits because they make your bum or stomach looks smaller or your boobs look bigger. We all want people to be attracted to us, its natural but it seems its also natural to point out other peoples short comings. So do we do this to restore our own confidence? I think the bigger question is do we understand what were doing to that certain individual and the impact were putting on their lives. Steph became really ill and was admitted to a special clinic. I tried to talk to her but I just didnt understand. I tried everything; the nice approach, the honesty, the tears. Nothing worked. It was making me bad and I couldnt bear to see her parents that way. I had her mom crying to me, asking me to talk to her. I did my best. I decided I wanted the old Steph back. I went to visit the day after and told her how I felt, how she was killing herself and how she was selfish and couldnt see how much hurt she was putting here parents threw. We had our first real argument that night. She died in her sleep the night after we argued. Dearest Steph I hope that you had good dreams that night. I hope that you dreamed, and you know that I love you, and am very sorry that we couldnt have parted ways on better terms. But Steph, I love you hun, everyday that passes, youre in my thoughts! I miss your smiling face and those eyes! And to be quite truthful Im having trouble accepting the fact that youre gone, so I wont. I just see it that we are going a while without seeing each other. I can understand why God would want you close to him, as you truly was an angel on earth. I love you and I miss you. I thank you for listening and hope even a little of what I said made you think. Its far easier to focus on bad things than good so all I ask is for you to think before you speak.

Classic vs. Political Islam free essay sample

A paper which defines the Islamic religion and shows how its teachings are contradictory to political Islam. The paper defines the teachings and practices of the religion Islam and gives an overview of its history. The paper shows how the classic Islamic religion which preaches restraint from violent acts, is in contradiction to radical Islamic groups who commit terrorist acts in the name of Allah. Take as an example Osama bin Ladens group, the Al Qaeda. They are Muslims in belief, but they do not understand fully the concepts and beliefs that were written in Islamic doctrines about the proper path and living that Muslims should commit themselves to. Instead, they had violated every possible moral and religious belief that Islam strictly adheres to. An example would be the terrorist attacks bin Laden and his group (Qaeda) had committed. These acts of violence and terrorism are a strong contradiction to the Muslim belief that Allahs follower should not inflict any physical harm to any living thing, whatever their worth is. We will write a custom essay sample on Classic vs. Political Islam or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another prevailing example is the constant abuse that the Taliban government in Afghanistan and bin Ladens group has inflicted to the women and children of their nation. This is in direct violation to the doctrine of Quran that the women are to be treated with respect and reverence, and this also includes the children, future Muslims themselves.

How to Prepare for a China Geography Sample Essay

How to Prepare for a China Geography Sample EssayIn the case of an IB Geography Sample Essay, the assignments are so diverse that you need to ensure that you are able to complete them as per the prescribed timelines and they should all relate to the subject. Once you are able to successfully complete these assignments, then it becomes easier for you to get admission in a China geography university.One of the most commonly looked at geographic subject which students study in China is the study of the country's class system. A lot of students nowadays are taking the Chinese class that they find very interesting and actually quite educational. This means that if you are interested in studying geography or if you are planning to pursue a career in this field, then you should be familiar with the country's class system.Another one of the geographical subject that most students are required to study in China is the study of the environment. There are many students in China who are engaged in this subject. The World Bank in fact provided this year's new geography exam is covering the subject.And, you should also know that there are many areas in China that have great diversity in terms of geography. Many people living in Beijing are very busy with the cultural aspects of their lives but it does not mean that they are unable to concentrate on studies and do very well in school. And if you want to study geography in China, then you need to be able to prepare the best possible essay for it.The requirements for entrance examination are numerous test papers and you should be able to fulfill all the conditions that are required for this exam. To get this admission in China university, you need to be able to complete the Chinese geography sample essay and you should also be aware of all the sections that are associated with it.The essay is usually shorter than the actual written test papers. It will be graded by a panel consisting of a professor and an examiner. The Professo r will help the student understand the contents of the essay, and the Examiner will be able to decide whether or not the student passed the test or not.The content of the sample essay can be general or it can be the complex one that deals with the country's class system. Before you go ahead and write the essay, you need to be well prepared and confident. To be able to write well, you need to look up different examples of sample essays online.The content of the sample essay is the most important part of this assignment. The content must be well researched and should not be hastily written and should be well thought out. The topic must also be related to the geographical content of the paper.

The Passionate Shepherd to His Love by Christopher Marlowe and To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell Essay Example For Students

The Passionate Shepherd to His Love by Christopher Marlowe and To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell Essay Both The Passionate Shepherd and To His Coy Mistress are dramatic monologues representing the voice of a gentleman and they are both arguments trying to win the favour of a lady. However, Christopher Marlowe has written his poem in a simple verse form of rhyming quatrains, where as Marvell writes in a more sophisticated form of tetrameters to quicken the pace and give a sense of urgency to the gentlemans persuasion. The gentlemans argument is then presented in the form of a syllogism. The poems both have a similar ploy; they are both trying to lure a lady into a life of love. However the speakers about this in different ways. We will write a custom essay on The Passionate Shepherd to His Love by Christopher Marlowe and To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Marlowes vision of love in A Passionate Shepherd is very sweet, charming and delightful whereas in contrast Marvells vision in To His Coy Mistress is one of darkness, urgency and insistence. Marlowes world is timeless; the lovers have endless leisure together in the season of May. Nothing ever changes and the seasons never move on. Love is sweet and innocent and there is no mention to the physical side of the relationship. Marlowes poem is very idealistic and is written in the pastoral form. The scene that he has created is filled with appealing images of flowers and pretty clothes, it is charming and innocent. On the other hand Marvells world is time ridden. He first presents a courtship where time stands still, like a fantasy. Then in the next part of his argument he brings the lady back to reality where time moves fast and so they have to seize their opportunities for love in the manner of carpe diem. He presents an image of time as a winged chariot bearing down upon them. Marvells love is much more realistic and adult; his gentlemans speaker is very suggestive of a physical relationship. The Passionate Shepherd to His Love by Christopher Marlowe The Passionate Shepherd to His Love represents the voice of a simple shepherd and is written in the pastoral style, which was very popular in the 16th century. By adopting the voice of a shepherd addressing the lady directly using first and second person, the poet casts the reader into the role of the lady. The shepherd is apparently wooing us as the audience. The poet is urging the lady to share a life of love and of happiness with him. The speaker presents a very unrealistic vision of an idyllic life in the English countryside. Through stanzas 2-6 the shepherd claims that if the lady were to live with him she would enjoy a life of luxury. She would gain peace by sitting upon the rocks and listening to birds singing madrigals. Any one who lives in the countryside would know that it would be impossible to make birds sing in chorus and in perfect harmony with each other. Marlowe exaggerates the pleasures of country life to make them seem a lot more appealing to the lady. Usually you would find roses in the countryside but he presents them to her as beds of roses and a thousand fragrant posies. However, if he were a shepherd he would not have the time to collect such quantities of flowers; the promise is very unrealistic. The shepherd presents many materialistic luxuries for the lady to enjoy including a cap of flowers and a gown and a kirtle. The gown is embroidered all with leaves of myrtle and the kirtle is made of the finest wool. Fair lined slippers with buckles of the purest gold are also offered, as well as, A belt of straw and ivy buds With coral clasps and amber studs The exaggeration here and lack of realism are so obvious that Marlowe seems to be mocking the pastoral form. We see the same lack of realism in other gifts offered by the shepherd: gold buckles. The shepherd builds an appealing fantasy for the lady. Marlowes shepherd appeals to four of the ladys five senses when trying to win her over. He promises the lady, she will be able to listen to melodious birds sing madrigals and then says she will be able to see the shepherd swains sing and dance together. His use of alliteration also emphasises this image of delightful sounds when he repeats the m in madrigals and melodious. He repeats this alliteration throughout the whole of the poem to emphasise all of his charming fantasy and the lack of realism also continues throughout the whole poem. There is no reference to the cold or the winter, just the summer and the beauty of the spring is mentioned. The shepherd offers to the lady a timeless world where it is always May. There is always leisur e and time to watch The shepherds swains sing and dance For thy delight in each May morning. The seasons never change, it is a charming fantasy. However, Marlowe does create some of an illusion of realism through craggy mountains and fair-lined slippers for the cold but most of the pleasures to the lady are exaggerated and unrealistic. Most of the gifts he offers arent possible because either no shepherd would be able to afford them or he wouldnt have time to find and/or gather them. The way in which Marlowe describes the shepherds pastoral world is very well done with carefully chosen adjectives: purest gold, finest wool, melodious birds. With this Marlowe creates a picture of impossible sweetness, a charming rural idyll. The shepherds voice becomes increasingly consistent, urgent as he persuades the lady three times. He first presents her with the idea to come live with me and be my love, after this he bribes her with gifts and the promise of a safe and luxurious life. At the end of the 5th stanza he then again proposes that she come live with me and be my love. Then in th e final verse he concludes by saying that if the lady likes the bribes that he has to offer, she should live with him and share a life of love .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb , .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb .postImageUrl , .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb , .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb:hover , .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb:visited , .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb:active { border:0!important; } .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb:active , .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1bdd3ee61d267467bb2f30c6168150eb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Yeats as a modern poet EssayIf these delights my mind may move Then live with me and be my love. He clinches his argument in the final line. Sir Walter Raleighs reply to The Passionate Shepherd to His Love appropriately entitled The Nymphs Reply to the Shepherd matches the structure and verse form of Marlowes original poem exactly. The speaker in Raleighs poem has taken the role of a nymph, she speaks in response to the shepherd and so the reader gives her the role of the lady from Marlowes original poem. The nymph indicates that she wont be persuaded because she is sceptical that his ideal could ever exist. She also doubts whether the shepherd is telling her the truth. If all the world and love were young And truth is in every shepherds tongue She rejects the shepherds many offers mainly because she rejects his timeless world. She knows that time will change everything; she believes winter will come and then no-one will be able to sit on rocks and listen to bird song. Time drives the flocks from field to fold When rivers rage and rocks grow cold Raleighs nymph considers each of the shepherds gifts and promises. She declares that time will wither or ruin them all. None of the gifts would be fit to last The flowers do fade, and wanton fields To wayward winter yields; The gifts are a pretty but impossible fiction. Just as The Passionate Shepherd urges the lady three times, Raleighs nymph considers ad rejects his offer three times, in the first, the penultimate and the final stanzas. Her rejection is very emphatic in the penultimate stanza. All these in me no means can move To come to thee and be thy love The mood and tone of the nymph changes in the final stanza, there is a note of sadness and regret. She recognises the sweetness and almost pleading of the shepherds fantasy. However, she realises that reality is still there and that it is so much harsher. But could youth last and love still breed Had joys no date nor age no need, To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell Like Marlowe, Marvell in To his coy mistress adopts the persuasive voice of a lover urging his lady to be with him. Both poems are written in the view of a gentleman speaker and both are arguments, convincing a lady to spend time with them and love them. However, in contrast to Marlowes poem, Marvells writing style is much more sophisticated. Marvells poem is a syllogism and is written in rhyming tetrameters. The speaker urges his mistress throughout the poem to surrender herself to him and love without delay. The arguments first of three parts presents a perfect timeless world for the lady. The gentleman started by introducing a charming and delightful fantasy by flattering her. He considers a timeless world, starting with a condition Had we but world enough, and time This coyness lady were no crime. He explains that if they were to live in this appealing world that he has created, her reluctance would present no problem. He considers what they would do, if they had endless time for an everlasting courtship. They would not have to hurry their relationship and they could have a life of luxury together in an exotic place like India. Thou by the Indian Ganges side Shouldst rubies find: Marvell presents this image of the lady collecting rubies to tempt her into a life with him, much like Marlowes shepherd bribed his lady with gifts. Marvells speaker then goes on to amuse the lady by placing himself in a much more mundane landscape. He claims he would be lamenting his love by a river in Hull. Similarly to Marlowes over exaggeration, Marvell includes a hyperbole by declaring the he would court her until the end of time, this is a very extravagant image. However in contrast to Marlowes innocence and charm the speaker in Marvells poem goes on to admire the lady with sexual suggestion and again hyperbole when flattering her by saying he would admire her eyes for an exaggerated 100 years but then he also says he would spend much longer on her breasts .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c , .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c .postImageUrl , .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c , .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c:hover , .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c:visited , .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c:active { border:0!important; } .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c:active , .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u56071b21c54e381a696c1e3e4e739f3c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Discuss the importance of the ideas of roots EssayTwo hundred to adore each breast, The gentleman speaker is again suggestive of a physical relationship when presenting an image of vegetable growth which would grow vaster than empires. An apparently flattering image of love is made mischievous through being combined with an image of organic growth. He continues to flatter her by saying she deserves such a long and stately courtship. The speaker ends the first part of his argument by saying that this is what he would wish to do. However the use of the conditional would reminds us that is all a fantasy. Most similarities to Marlowes shepherd now fall away as Marvells gentleman proceeds into the second stage of his argument. The elaborate flattery of the lady stops for a while and suddenly the mood of the poem turns grim and sinister. The speaker introduces reality and shows that the fantasy does not exist when he threatens the lady with death But at back I always hear Times winged chariot hurrying near: The gentlemans presents an image of time bearing down upon the lady, catching up with her and time will bring her too her death. The speaker threatens her by forcing her to realise that no-one can see her beauty when she is underground, no-one will be able to sing to her and her chastity which she has tried to preserve will be taken by the worms. then worms shall try That long preservd Virginity Marvell uses a very ironic and suggestive tone. The playful ironic tone then changes when the speaker grimly reminds her of a funeral by echoing the words of a funeral service. And your quaint honour turn to dust; And into ashes all my lust He says that the honour which she has tried to preserve will turn to dust when her body does and so with it, so will his lust and desire for her. He makes a final ironic comment about the ladys privacy explaining that the grave is a very private place if that is what she wants but there will be no-one to embrace you there. The graves a fine and private place But none I think do there embrace The final section of the poem is the proof of the argument. The poet first displayed to us a fantasy world of impossible endless time and the contrasted this with the harsher truer reality. This argument presents his solution that they should now enter a physical relationship without delay. The speaker calls it a sport that they should enjoy. The elaborate flattery now continues Now therefore while the youthful hue, Sits on the skin like morning dew He suggests she should experience love while her skin is still young, fresh and exquisite. This idea is then contrasted with the image that her skin is on fire, filled with a young passion and they both shouldnt let this passion burn out. In contrast to Marlowes poem, Marvells speaker repeats the word now frequently towards the end showing his urgency. The gentleman represents an image of iron gates and he urges the lady that she should be ready to tear the pleasures through the iron gates of a harsh life. She needs to be vigorous and active. Finally, the gentleman speaker adds a last playful ironic comment. He mocks the idea that lovers can make time stand still. However, he suggests to the lady that through their love they can make time speed up as they live life to the full and get the most out of every minute in the form of carpe diem. Marlowes ad Marvells poems both focus on time. However, Marlowes poem is timeless. It centres on a world that is endless, it is full of luxury and you can live in happiness for eternity. Marvells poem starts off with a fantasy much the same but this jus to later contrast with the main feature of dark urgency to the rest of the poem. Marvells poem has images where time is catching up with you can you have to act fast to enjoy things while you can. Both poems also focus strongly on love. They are both persistent in luring a lady to fall in love with them. Marlowes poem is innocent and sweet; the poet uses gifts and charming scenery and sounds to bribe the lady into loving the gentleman whereas in Marvells poem the love is more urgent and passionate. The love in Marvells poem is more adult and more suggestive of a physical relationship. Marlowes style and language is much simpler but Marvells style is sophisticated and the language he uses much more elaborate and complex. Marlowes poem is delightful and brighter, Marvells poem is deeper and more insistent.

How Mark Antony manipulates the crowd after the death of Caesar Essay Example

How Mark Antony manipulates the crowd after the death of Caesar Essay Example How Mark Antony manipulates the crowd after the death of Caesar Essay How Mark Antony manipulates the crowd after the death of Caesar Essay Julius Caesar the Roman tragedy was written by the famous English playwright William Shakespeare in the year of 1599. The play is based on factual events, such as the assassination of Julius Caesar, the Roman dictator. Although Julius Caesar is set in Rome over 2000 years ago it explores themes such as ambition, greed, superstition, revenge, assassination and the universal theme of politics most of which are relevant to the present day and Shakespeares own time, the Elizabethan era. Julius Caesar was assassinated; the link to the Elizabethan era for this would be that several plots to kill Queen Elizabeth I were carried out. The link to our own time in this instance is the assassination of JFK president of the United States of America. In all three scenarios the conspiracies were set against extremely powerful people who were in leading roles during their lives. It is because of these links that the play Julius Caesar appealed to the people in Shakespeares time. Shakespeares Globe theatre kept the audience engaged and produced plays that were relevant to them. The people of the Elizabethan era were superstitious people, subsequently Shakespeare wrote his plays with elements of superstition in them e.g. ghosts spirits. In his play Tempest he has numerous spirits. In Macbeth Macbeth kills the king and then later dies a horrible death himself. We know that the people of the Elizabethan era believed in the divine order which means that they believed kings or queens were appointed by god and therefore only god could remove them from the seat of power. Consequently if anyone tries to remove them they will die horrible deaths. Shakespeare wrote for three audiences: the plebeians in the play, the Elizabethan audience and the contemporary audience. However the Elizabethan audience was the main audience partly because there were a lot more of them than the other audiences and partly because Shakespeares globe theatre relied mostly on their reactions to make the plays seem more realistic and exciting. The Elizabethan audience would throw orange peels and the like at the actors if the actors were acting a part of the play that they did not like, mostly the Elizabethan audience would react in this way when the part of the play would go against their belief for instance the killing of Julius Caesar. Even though the play is named after him, Julius Caesar is by no means the main character because most of the play is based on events after his death. The monarch was replaced by the republic four hundred years prior to the events of the play, when the king of Rome had been removed. From then onwards the senate had led Rome. At the beginning of Julius Caesar Caesar has become so powerful that he himself controls the senate. It seems the senate will declare him king before long. The republicans are appalled because the senate which they are particularly proud of is being destroyed. The senate is a system of government with a very precise and sensible balance of power, not unlike the parliament we have today. With anticipation of Caesar becoming king a band of conspirators including Caesars close friend Marcus Brutus decide to kill him. Antony another great friend of Caesars is enraged at Caesars death and is determined to get revenge no matter what the cost. Domestic fury and fierce civil Strife shall cumber all the parts of Italy. He wants civil war to spread throughout the whole of Italy, and shows Antonys desire for revenge has no limits because he will effectively destroy a country in order to get vengeance. Furthermore Antony mentions Ate With Ate by his side, come hot from hell. Ate is the goddess of vengeance, disorder and mischief. Therefore, in mentioning her one can speculate how far Antony will go in order to get revenge. Antony plans to manipulate the plebeians into rising in mutiny to enable him to get revenge. Blood and destruction shall be so in use. Antony says that blood and destruction will be ordinary events. Blood and destruction are barbaric events and if they are to become normal events then there is no doubt in the fact Antony must mean to bring about mass carnage and war. The time following the death of Caesar is full of carnage and disorder as the republicans -including the conspirators- and Caesars supporters struggle for power. One can ask many questions: is there a form of government that the ordinary people are better off? There are really two forms of government dictatorship and the republic. Dictatorship may lead to the dictator becoming a ruthless tyrant due to the fact of having lots of power at their disposal. The republic however has a major disadvantage as well because it is understood that in a republic people are elected to represent the public, but the people who are elected to represent the public [senators] may not put forwards what the public may want them to but rather do something else to suit their own needs and desires. Other questions such as who would be queen Elizabeth I successor as she had no children of her own. The link to the play in this is that Caesar never had any children but he chose somebody else as his successor. The contemporary relevance of this is that in some countries that are lead in dictatorship e.g. in Saudi Arabia the king chooses a successor to take over after they cease to exist. This can also be relevant to countries that have a parliament but also have a monarchy e.g. England, someone else has to take the place of the monarch after the king or queen die. At Caesars funeral Brutus allows Antony to give a speech after delivering one himself despite Cassius warning. Brutus starts his speech with, Romans, countrymen and lovers. This shows that he is on the same side as the plebeians. Furthermore he speaks in prose on the basis that if he speaks on the level of speech the plebeians speak on they will accept him as one of their own. Not that I loved Caesar less, but I loved Rome more. Brutus is stating that he loves Rome more than he loved Caesar and is highlighting the fact that he is patriotic. In addition he uses balanced sentences throughout his speech for example, as he was valiant I honour him. Brutus appeals to reason and uses balanced sentences as a tool to justify his actions and consequently makes them seem much nobler and more sacrifice like. At the conclusion of his speech Brutus is certain he has won over the crowd. When a plebeian says, Let him be Caesar. This highlights how Brutus has managed to get the plebeians on to his side. Dr Stanley wells says regarding Brutus letting Antony speak second that Brutus makes his mistake by telling Antony to speak second and what he should have really done was let Antony speak first so he knew what he was up against. I disagree with Dr Stanley wells on his opinion that Brutus should let Antony speak first so as to know what he was dealing with because firstly I think that Brutus should not have let Antony speak at all because he never had any concrete proof that Antony was on his side. I further disagree with Dr Stanley wells on the same point when he says as to know what he was up against because Brutus being honourable never suspected that Antony would act against him therefore he would not feel the need to let Antony speak second to find out what he was up against. Antony speaks directly after Brutus and has a difficult task him as he speaks to a hostile crowd outside the Roman parliament where Caesar was stabbed to death. The crowd is hostile because Brutus has spoken to them justifying the killing of Caesar and being fickle they were thoroughly on his side. Before Antony even speaks one of the plebeians says Twere best he speak no harm of Brutus here. This shows that the plebeians are hostile but prepared to listen. However Antony has the crowds attention because Brutus tells them to listen to him [Antony]. Secondly Antony enters carrying Caesars body which is used as a dramatic device which enables Antony to capture everyones attention. Antony begins his speech by saying, Friends, Romans, countrymen. He uses flattery to soothe the hostile crowd and to get them on his side. Antony also uses Caesars corpse as a plea for sympathy, which makes the plebeians feel sympathetic towards him. Antony uses the word honourable which is Brutuss best attribute, he was faithful and just to me, but Brutus says he was ambitious, And Brutus is an honourable man. Antony uses the word honourable describing Brutus after giving reason that Caesar was not ambitious. When the poor have cried Caesar hath wept; ambition should be made out of sterner stuff. Yet Brutus says he was ambitious, and Brutus is an honourable man. Antony uses repetition of the word honourable and taints Brutuss greatest attribute. In addition Antony involves the plebeians when he says that when the poor have cried Caesar has wept, Antony says this to make Caesar appear not to be ambitious but also to make the plebeians feel pity for Caesar and dislike his killers. After each stage of using the word honourable Antony manipulates the crowd. Antony uses rhetorical questions which state Caesar was not ambitious after giving reason to believe Caesar was not ambitious. Was this ambition? Antony successfully manipulates the plebeians in to thinking Caesar has been wronged. If thou consider rightly of the matter, Caesar has had great wrong. Antony uses sarcasm when he says honourable because really he is saying they are dishonourable, because the word honourable does not fit in with murderers. Antony gives four reasons as evidence when showing the plebeians Caesar was not ambitious. Firstly he says that Caesar was his friend faithful and just to him. Secondly he mentions that Caesar has bought many captives home to Rome. Thirdly Antony says that when the poor have cried Caesar too has cried. Lastly he says that he presented Caesar with a kingly crown three times which Caesar turned down and refused. Antony uses these four reasons as evidence that Caesar was not ambitious because the things Caesar does in them do not match with the deeds an ambitious person would do but rather a kind, merciful and loving person. Antony deals with Caesars worst point his desire to become king by simply saying, I thrice presented him a kingly crown, which he did thrice refuse. Antony is saying if Caesar wanted to become king he would surely have accepted the crown I offered him, and I did not only offer him the crown once, I offered it to him three times which Caesar refused. After Antony says he offered the crown and Caesar turned it down he uses a rhetorical question. Was this ambition? The rhetorical question gives the plebeians a moment to absorb what Antony has said, it gives them an opportunity to decide whether or not it was ambition. Furthermore Antony makes his point before asking the rhetorical question so what he said will be fresh in the plebeians head when they are given a chance in their minds to decide whether or not it was ambition. Antony mentions examples of Caesars noble and generous behaviour for example the fact that he freed many captives. He hath bought many captives home to Rome, whose ransom did the general coffers fill. Antony uses this example of Caesars generous behaviour to force the plebeians to revise their opinion of Caesar. Antony mentions Caesars noble behaviour When the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept. Antony makes out that Caesar loved the people of Rome in order to make the plebeians view Caesar in good light. Antony then uses a dramatic pause to extend his hold over the crowd with the power of emotion, My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, and I must pause till it come back to me. Furthermore, Antony uses the dramatic pause as a way to see by how much he has one the crowd but more importantly let the crowd absorb and reflect upon what he has said. Antony is rewarded for using the dramatic pause by a plebeian saying, Methinks there is much reason in his sayings. For Antony this is an indicator on how far he has manipulated the crowd. Antony uses Caesars will as a prop, But heres a parchment with the seal of Caesar; I found it in his closet tis his will. Antony uses the will as a delaying tactic to hold the crowds curiosity, the will is the climax of Antonys speech because it is when Antony mentions the will the plebeians become most interested. The will, the will! We will hear Caesars will! furthermore divine order is mentioned, And dip their napkins into his sacred blood. Antony is clever to play on the plebeians superstition because the Romans believed in divine order. Antony mentions the word sacred as a reference to divine order and reminds the plebeians of their belief in the fact that if they do not do something about the removal of a person appointed by god they will die horrible deaths. Antony tells the plebeians that he does not intend to read out the contents of the will. Which pardon me I do not mean to read. However he tells the enough about the will to make them determined to hear the whole of its contents. Tis a good thing you know not that you are his heirs. Furthermore Antony informs them of how they should react when they hear the will. It will inflame you, it will make you mad. When the plebeians demand that Antony read out the will it gives him a chance to further his hold over them. And let me show you him that made the will. Antony then goes on to ask Shall I descend?, will you give me leave? Antony makes the plebeians think they are controlling him and the situation by asking their permission to descend. When the plebeians give him permission to descend Antony brings himself physically to their level unlike Brutus who used a different tactic namely speaking in prose. Once Antony has descended to the level of the plebeians he proceeds to say, If you have tears prepare to shed them now. Again here Antony gives the commoners ideas of what they should do and what he expects from them. Antony lies when he pretends to know who made which cut on Caesars cloak he does this to make the scene more dramatic, the murder more gruesome and the conspirators more treacherous. Look, in this place ran Cassius dagger through: see what a rent the envious Casca made. Antony mentions how close Brutus was to Caesar, For Brutus as you know was Caesars angel. This was the unkindest cut of all, for when the noble Caesar saw him stab, in gratitude more strong than traitors arms. Antony describes the closeness between Brutus and Caesar to highlight how dire the level of treachery was. Antony uses positive adjectives to describe Caesar saying he was a good man. Quite vanquishd him: then burst open his mighty heart. Antony counteracts what Brutus says [in balanced sentences] about the killing of Caesar being more an elegant sacrifice than cold blooded murder. Here, is himself, marrd, as you see with traitors. Antony says that the conspirators mutilated and disfigured Caesar and consequently rejoiced in the act of killing him. Antony finally destroys Brutuss most valued attribute [honour], I fear I wrong the honourable men whose daggers have stabbd Caesar, I do fear it. After Antony says this the plebeians realise that Brutus and his fellow conspirators are not honourable men. They were traitors, honourable men! In saying this Antony effectively stripped Brutus of his greatest attribute. Antony uses flattery while bringing about the subject of mutiny Good friends, sweet friends, let me not stir you up to a sudden flood of mutiny. Antony then goes on to say They are wise and honourable. Antony is being sarcastic because he already knows that the plebeians think badly of the conspirators, Let not a traitor live. Antony makes out that he is not an orator and is not good at giving speeches. For I neither have wit, nor words, nor worth, Action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech. I am no orator as Brutus is, but you all know me as a plain blunt man. Antony is trying to make himself seem plain and simple while at the same time by saying Brutus is the orator and therefore he is the manipulative one. Antony makes out that he is simple in order to give his words more standing. Furthermore if he was to make out he was clever and good at delivering speeches then the plebeians might not trust him because they might suspect him of trying to manipulate them. Antony points out that Brutus is the orator and he himself is a simple man. Antony says Brutus will try and manipulate you in to doing his will but he himself is again feeding ideas of mutiny to the plebeians. But were I Brutus, and Brutus Antony there were an Antony would ruffle up your spirits and put a tongue in every wound of Caesar that should move the stones of Rome to rise and mutiny. After using Caesars will as a delaying tactic Antony finally reveals the contents in a final effort to make the plebeians riot with maximum possible intensity. To every several man, seventy-five drachmas. In that time seventy-five drachmas would be quite a lot of money to a commoner as a result the plebeians would be overwhelmed with gratitude and would want to avenge Caesars death straight away with renewed intensity. However Antony increases the intensity and the sense of gratitude by further adding, He hath left you all his walks Antony mentions a few things like private arbours and newly planted orchards then he says He hath left them to you and your heirs forever. Antony uses the body of Caesar to move the citizens Come, away, away! Well burn his body in the holy place. The citizens move to cremate Caesar but in going they are up and running ready to mutiny And with the brands of fire burn the traitors houses. This highlights Antonys success in manipulating the crowd. While standing over Caesars corpse Antony said, Cry havoc and lets slip the dogs of war. This is just what Antony has achieved. One can say the plebeians are like sheep when one moves they all move. Antony was successful in manipulating the crowd because he appealed to emotion which is very powerful and can if applied correctly make people believe and follow you rather quickly. In addition, Antony uses a dramatic pause, dramatic device [Caesars corpse], delaying tactic when mentioning Caesars will to keep the plebeians attention and he makes out that he is not an orator consequently giving his words credibility and makes them seem like they have come straight from his heart. Antony was successful because he uses a variety of language techniques ranging from repetition to the use of rhetorical questions. It helped Antony that Brutus appealed to the reason of the crowd which in contrast to emotion is weak. Furthermore it further helps Antony that Brutus decides to speak first so then Antony knew what he is up against and how best to counteract what Brutus had said. Julius Caesar is relevant today for many reasons one of them is that like Antony many of the politicians these days manipulate people. Take Tony Blair and George Bush for example they used repetition when talking about weapons of mass destruction and saying they were going to help the civilians of Iraq, while all the while just like Antony appealing to emotion to get their way. Antony is your typical politician, although the circumstances were different then and Antony had a different goal which was to make the plebeians riot the overall goal is exactly the same manipulating people in order to get their own way.